大跨度斜拉桥地震激励的动力响应与减震设计分析-建筑与土木工程专业论文.docx

The Seismic Respond Analysis And Earthquake-reduction Design Of Large-span Cable-stayed Bridge A Thesis Submitted for the Degree of Master Candidate：Shi Jun Supervisor：Associate Professor Wu Fangwen Chang’an University， Xi’an， China 摘 要 在交通运输工程中，大跨度桥梁起着关键性作用，其投资较大，对国民经济的发展 有较大影响。如果在地震作用下桥梁遭到破坏，将会给经济带来较大的损失，另一方面 也会影响到灾区的救灾和重建工作。正因为如此，如何提高斜拉桥抗震减震能力就列为 重要的科研方向。当地震发生时，为了使大跨度斜拉桥有足够的安全性，必须采取积极 有效的抗震减震措施，提高相应的经济和社会意义。 当对大跨度斜拉桥进行抗震减震设计时，其设计思想为：斜拉桥在地震作用下，位 移和内力越小对结构越有利，但一般情况下这两者不能同时满足，比如位移越小必然以 较大内力为代价。 本文以淮安大桥为研究背景，使用大型桥梁通用软件建立了三个不同的模型，分别 为采用粘滞阻尼器的斜拉桥模型、采用水平拉索减震的斜拉桥模型以及没有采取任何减 震措施的斜拉桥模型，并分别对这三种模型进行了自振特性分析。通过时程分析，得到 阻尼器和弹性拉索的减震效果和合理设计参数（阻尼器的合理阻尼系数和弹性拉索的合 理弹性刚度）。 分析得出，不论是采用弹性拉索减震还是粘滞阻尼器减震，只要参数合理，都可以 很好的控制结构的位移，也会减小结构的内力响应。综合分析两种减震方案，得出在斜 拉桥上设置粘滞阻尼器才是最佳的减震方案。该方案不仅符合减震设计的规范要求，而 且也提高了斜拉桥材料的耐久性以及结构在减震方面的能力。可供其他桥梁做减震分析 和设计的参考。 关键词：斜拉桥；减震设计；弹性索；参数敏感性分析；时程分析；粘滞阻尼器 Abstract In the traffic and transportation engineering， large span bridges play a key role and its investment is large .It plays the decisive role in the development of the national economy. If the bridge is destroyed in the earthquake， it will bring great loss to the economy.On the other hand， it would affect the disaster relief and reconstruction work. Because of this, how to improve the cable-stayed bridge’s anti-seismic and damping capacity is classified as a important research direction . When the earthquake occurs， in order to make the long span cable-stayed bridge has enough security， the effective anti-seismic measures must be taken and its social significance and economic significance will also be increased accordingly. When the large span cable-stayed bridge is under damping anti-seismic design， with the effect of seismic force， it is better make the displacement of the cable-stayed bridge and the internal force of main components as small as possible . Under normal circumstances， these two aspects are often contradictory. If making the displacement control as the goal， this force will be increased. T