铁轨缺陷信号成像系统设计.docVIP

铁轨缺陷信号成像系统设计 哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文 对铁路轨道进行缺陷检测是保证铁路安全运行的重要手段。在我国， 长期以来一直依赖人工测量的办法检查轨道的缺陷，因此，幵发轨道自动 缺陷检测系统具有很人的实际意义。相对于人工检测而言，计算机自动检 测具有更强的准确性和可行性。 本文先简要叙述了课题背景、国内外发展现状、超声波特点及超声波 成像的原理，接着主要阐述了如何设计轨道超声波成像检测系统，其屮包 括超声波发射、接收和放大电路设计，成像软件的设计。在课题研究初期， 对超声波信号在铁轨轨道中的祸合方式进行了对比论证，从沿爬行器安装 8个探头到探头旋转祸合到最后通过镜片反射祸合。成像软件是用VC++6.0 调用采集卡的动态连接库(DLL)来编写的。设计的轨道超声波成像检测系统 能在实验室环境下用一段铁管模拟铁轨来估计淤泥和磨损。 本文对超声波脉冲反射成像进行Y详细分析，模拟实际轨道估计淤泥 的含量以及铁轨磨损程度。提出实验室的成像检测方案，实验结果表明检 测方案是完全可行的。并对检测过程中系统信噪比、超声回波峰值、系统 检测精度分析及其改进措施、超声波成像速度和小波去噪进行了简要的分 析，总结出了影响轨道超声波成像检测精度的若干重要因素，提出了解决 这些情况的方案。论文最还对以后的通过小波分析探测铁轨缺陷研究工作 进行了展望。 由于我们国家对铁轨轨道成像检测的研究起步比较晚，所以本课题研 究的铁轨超声波成像检测系统对我国家铁轨在线成像检测具有非常重要 的意义，同时对提高我国的管道检测水平，也具有十分重要的意义。 关键词轨道缺陷；超声波成像检测；信噪比；动态连接库；VC4-4- -I - 哈尔滨理工大学学士学位论文 Track signal imaging system design flaws Abstract To the railroad tracks for defects is to ensure the safe operation of the important, in our country has always been to rely on artificial measures to check the track, therefore, the development of an automatic system has the defects of great practical significance. Compared with manual testing is concerned, the computer for automatic detection great accuracy and feasibility. This article briefly describes the first subject, and the development of the status quo, an ultrasound and ultrasound as theory, and mainly expounds how to design an ultrasonic imaging detection system, including the launching of ultrasonic, and enlargement of the circuit design, as software design. In subject study of ultrasonic signals the rails in a way to track the contrasts that are installed from the crawling eight probes to probe the misfortune to last through the lens reflex. As software is invoked by 6.0 vc is a library card (dll) to write. The design of the orbit of ultrasonic imaging would detect the system in the laboratory with a simulated environment rails to take stock of silt and worn. Of ultrasonic pulses are reflected as a detailed analysis, the garbage into the mud, content and the rails of wear, the labs in the inspecti