结晶法除磷及泡沫分离法除表面活性剂研究-环境工程专业论文.docxVIP

东南大学硕士学位论文 东南大学硕士学位论文 结晶法除磷及泡沫分离法除表面活性剂研究 摘 要 本文对结晶法除磷及泡沫分离法除表面活性剂进行了理论和试验研究。 结晶法除磷试验首次以多孔陶粒为载体来培养晶种，取得了成功并提出了晶 种培养的基本方法；以陶粒晶种分别对模拟废水和生活污水做动态结晶床除磷试 验，得出了最佳运行工况，处理出水磷浓度可达到GB8978．1996一级标准；以扩 散理论为依据，建立了结晶床除磷动力学模型，得出了稳态下表观结晶速率常数； 通过石灰混凝法除磷的对比试验，进一步说明了结晶法具有除磷效率高、操作简 单、运行费用低、无二次污染、适用范围广等特点。 泡沫分离试验以直链烷基苯磺酸钠(LAS)为分离对象，研究了曝气方式、气液 比、水力停留时间和原水浓度对分离效果的影响，分析了泡沫分离的基本原理， 得出了表面活性剂泡沫分离的最佳工况，处理出水LAS浓度可达GB8978．1996 一级排放标准。该法去除效率高，设备简单，较易与其它工艺联合使用，有较高 的工程应用价值。 本文对结晶法除磷及泡沫分离法除表面活性剂技术的工程应用进行了展望， 为废水除磷及表面活性剂提供了工程设计参考。 关键词： 除磷结晶陶粒晶种泡沫分离表面活性剂 东南大学领E学位论文 东南大学领E学位论文 结晶法除磷及泡沫分离法除表面活性剂研究 Abstract In this paper，phosphorus removal by crystallization and surfactant removal by foam separation are investigated． In the experimental study of phosphorus removal by crystallization， porous ceramsite is successfuliF used as carrier to cultivate crystal， and the basic method of cultivating crystal is giyen．Then the ceramsite crystal is used to remove phosphorus from imitative and domestic wastewater．The optimal operation condition of phosphorus crystallization is presented， in which the outlet phosphorus concentration can meet the first—order of GB8978—1996．The kinetic model for phosphorus removal by crystallization is established according to the diffusion theory，together with the crystallization constant under steady state．The tests of phosphorus removal by lime coagulation，as a comparison，further prove the feature of crystallization process，such as high efficiency，easy operation，low cost，no secondary pollution，wide appl ied range and etc． The foam separation test is conducted with 1inear alkyl benzene sulphonate (LAS)as the separated object，and the influence of aeration methods，the ration of the gas flow to the 1iquid flow，HTR and initial concentration on the operation efficiency is studied．The optimal operation condition of surfactant removal by foam separation is‘de