拉瓦尔喷管对全氧燃烧中涡流运动 的影响研究-冶金工程专业论文.docxVIP

内蒙 内蒙古科技大学硕士学位论文 万方数据 万方数据 摘 要 随着我国环境的恶化，雾霾问题日益严重，我国对氮氧化物的排放限制更加 严格，全氧燃烧由于没有氮氧化物的排放，日益受到热工领域的重视。目前已经 开展了高速燃烧器的富氧以及全氧燃烧的研究，到现在为止我国气体燃烧器的发 展水平相对国外有较大差距。 采用 CFD 计算软件 FLUENT，选用 RNG k?ε研究了不同压力下拉瓦尔喷管的 流场情况，并模拟了不同喷嘴角度、不同压力情况下喷嘴的流场特性以及气体在 燃烧炉内的运动及分布情况。通过模拟，得出以下结论： （1）不同压力时，拉瓦尔喷管出口截面气体的气速分布均匀。通过对进口压 力大小的控制，喷管出口可以达到所需要的气体速度。从而能够使上下出口气体 速度达到全氧燃烧时所需要的气速比。 （2）在进口压力为 0.105-0.11 MPa 时，喷嘴的开口角度为 8°情况下，加热炉 内的涡量稳定，燃烧炉内气体混合均匀。 （3）对 8°喷嘴的不同进口压力模拟表明：当进口压力增加时，喷嘴中的涡量 也随之增加，在喷嘴中呈先增大后减小的趋势，但是当进口压力增大到一定程度 后涡量骤增，然后迅速减小，表明压力过大时，涡量在喷嘴处的运动变得不稳定， 所以进口压力不能太大。 （4）对不同进口压力情况下，喷嘴角度为 8°时的加热炉内流场进行模拟，发 现当进口压力为 0.11-0.14 MPa 时，涡量在炉内的分布较为均匀，并且甲烷与氧气 在喷口处能够迅速均匀混合达到燃烧比，有利于加热炉内气体的完全燃烧。 关键词：拉瓦尔喷管；涡流运动；涡量；喷嘴 I Abstract With the deterioration of the environment of our country, the haze problem is more and more serious, and the limits on emissions of nitrogen oxides are more stringent in our country. Due to no nitrogen oxide emissions, the oxy-fuel combustion is being paid more and more attention by the thermal engineering field. At present, the research of high speed burners oxygen-enriched and oxy-fuel combustion has been carried out, but up to now, the development level of gas burners in our country still has a great gap with foreign countries. This paper uses the CFD software FLUENT, study on the flow field of Laval nozzle under different pressure using RNG k?ε, and simulate the flow field characteristics and the movement and distribution of gas in the combustion furnace under different nozzle angles and different pressure conditions. By carrying out simulation study, some conclusions can reach as following: At different pressures, the gas velocity distribution at the outlet section of Laval nozzle is uniform. Through the control of the inlet pressure, the gas velocity at nozzle exit can reach the requirement. Thereby, the gas velocity at the upper and lower outlet can reach the required gas velocity ratio of the whole oxygen combustion. When the inlet pressure is 0.105-0.11MPa, the opening angle of the nozzle