留守儿童人际信任及人际容纳研究-发展心理学专业论文.docxVIP

I I 摘 要 留守儿童是指农村地区因父母双方或单方长期在外打工而被交由父母或长 辈、他人来抚养、教育和管理的儿童。许多研究已表明，留守儿童与父母的长期 分离，使得留守儿童在心理、情感、行为等方面产生一系列问题。相对于正常儿 童来说，在人际交往上，他们更倾向于内向、不善于交流。人际交往能力对儿童 社会发展具有重要意义。人际信任与人际容纳是人际交往的重要内容，对儿童的 人际交往发挥着重要的作用，其中人际容纳包含容纳他人和被他人容纳两方面。 本研究旨在对留守儿童的人际信任和人际容纳状况进行探讨，采用随机整群 抽样的方法以留守儿童为研究对象，运用《儿童马氏量表》、《容纳他人修订量表》、 《基本情况调查问卷》进行调查，从性别、学业成绩以及父母外出时留守儿童的 年龄四个方面，采用多因素方差分析的统计方法分析留守儿童的人际信任与人际 容纳状况，并对人际容纳与人际信任进行回归分析。 通过本次研究，可以得出以下结论： （1）各年级之中，七年级的留守儿童人际信任度和被他人容纳感最低，容 纳他人的程度无显著差异。 （2）留守儿童中男孩的人际信任度、容纳他人和被他人容纳的程度都要显 著低于比女孩。 （3）学业成绩低的留守儿童人际信任度和容纳他人程度最高，但只有学业 成绩高的留守儿童被容纳他人程度组显著高于中分组，其他各组不存在显著差 异。 （4）从父母外出时留守儿童各年龄段来看，父母离开的越晚，留守儿童的 人际信任度就越低。父母离开越早，留守儿童的容纳他人感就越低。 （5）留守儿童的人际信任与人际容纳只存在相关关系。 关键词：留守儿童；人际信任；人际容纳 II II Abstract The left-behind children in the rural China is a special group whose parents or only father/mother went out to the urban and leave their children behind in the hometown. They generally have been taken care of by the other person even by themselves. Many researches already implied that the long time department between the left-behind children and their parent causes a series of problem in psychology, emotion, behaviour and so on to the left-behind children. Compared with the normal children on the interpersonal communication, they are used to introversion and not good at communication. But the ability of interpersonal communication is important to the social development of the children. The main content of interpersonal communication are interpersonal trust and interpersonal acceptance, which play a important role in the interpersonal communication of children. The interpersonal acceptance include the accepting others and the acceptance by others. This study means to research on the interpersonal trust and interpersonal acceptance of left-behind children using the method of random sampling. This research mainly uses the following tools: Kiddie Mach Scale, Acceptance of Others, Basic Situation Questionnaire. The article uses the ANOVA method to analyze the interpersonal trust and interper