基于中医隐性知识特征的临床实践性教学思考.docxVIP

基于中医隐性知识特征的临床实践性教学思考 曾智ZENGZhi曰中俊龙SHEN Jun-long曰汤丽娜TANG Li-na (南京中医药大学经贸管理学院，南京210029) (School of Economics and Trade Management, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210029, China) 摘要「医者，意也”。作为中华民族优秀文化的瑰宝，中医是典型的“道 技融合”的中国传统技艺。依据现代知识管理相关理论，中医药知识世代传承， 具有典型的隐性知识特征，它是中医药学家在长期的实践探索中总结出来的，具 有极其重要的价值。中医药知识为个体所拥有，难以用文字描述记载以及传播, 它是我国中医传承发展的关键。因此，如何有效地开展中医药临床实践教学，提 升中医传承的效果，深入探索和分析中医药隐性知识的特征，并据此开展实践性 教学，是当前高等中医药教育改革与实践的重要课题。 Abstract: Medicine is something about epistemology1. As the treasure of the Chinese nation excellent culture, traditional Chinesemedicine is a typical traditional Chinese art of nfusion of the tao and technique11. According to the modern knowledge management relatedtheory, traditional Chinese medicine knowledge passes from gen eration to gen erati on, which has the typical characteristics of tacitknowledge. It is summed up by traditional Chinese medicine experts in the long-term practice, and has extremely important value. Chinesemedicine knowledge is owned by individuals, so it is difficult to record and transmit by words. It is crucial for the development of theheritage of traditional Chinese medicine in China. Therefore, how to effectively develop TCM clinical practice teachi ng, improve the effect ofinheritanee of traditional Chinese medicine, explore and analyze the characteristics of the tacit knowledge of Chinese medicine, and carryout practical teachi ng on the basis, is the important subject of higher education reform and practice of traditional Chinese medicine. 关键词：中医；隐性知识；实践性教学；知识管理 Key words: traditional Chinese medicine； tacit knowledge； practical teachi ng； kno wledge man ageme nt 中图分类号：G642.0文献标识码：A文章编号：1006-4311 (2014) 20-0267-02 0引言 作为医学生人才培养的重要组成部分，临床实践教学既是院校教育医学 理论教学的延续、拓展和深化，也是医学生全面掌握和深入融会知识、培养医疗 诊治思维、提升临床实践能力的重要环节。基于“早临床?多临床■反复临床”培 养模式的现代中医药院校教育，临床实践性教学在中医药人才培养中的作用显得 尤为重要。近年来，随着西方知识管理等相关理论的引入，从中医药知识特征(尤 其是隐性知识特征)的角度探讨中医药教育与教学改革成为新的研究热点，也是 提升中医药人才培养质量和中医有效传承的关键。 1隐性知识的提出及含义 从历史上来看，尽管人们很早以前就意识到在能够用语言清晰表达或者 书本知识以外，还存在另一种“只可