教师招聘考试：中小学英语基础知识-词法（二）.docxVIP

教师招聘考试：中小学英语基础知识-词法（二） [误]My mother bought two fishes for supper this morning. [正]My mother bought two fish for supper this morning. [析]英语中有些名词单复同形，如：fish, deer, sheep, Chinese (中国人), means (方法)。所以应讲one fish, two fish, one Chinese, two Chinese. 如果讲There are five fishes in the pool.应译为池中有五种鱼而不是五条鱼。 [误]Mary expressed her thank to her boy friend. [正]Mary expressed her thanks to her boy friend. [析]英语中有些名词只有复数形式，如： thanks, greens， 而有些词单数形式与复数形式有不同的词意。如:clothes 为衣服，而cloth则是布， sand沙子，而sands是沙滩。 [误]I offered my son my congratulation on his success. [正]I offered my son my congratulations on his success. [析]英语中表示祝贺的词虽有单数形式，但一般要用其复数形式。如握手为shake hands. [误]We have five German in this meeting. [正]We have five Germans in this meeting. [析]英国人Englishman的复数形式为Englishmen，而German 则要加s，因为它不是由国名与man的组合词。 [误]There are two As in this word. [正]There are two As in this word. [析]在大写字母缩写形式的复数表达法中应加s，但如字母是A、I时，为了防止与As和Is相混，则要用s即As，Is [误]There are three 6s and two 3s in my telephone number. [正]There are three 6s and two 3s in my telephone number. [析]在小写字母与数字的复数形式表达法中要用s [误]We have many woman teachers in our school. [正]We have many women teachers in our school. [析]一般组合名词变为复数形式时只将词中心词变为复数如： half brother—half brothers(同父异母或同母异父的兄弟)daughter in law—daughtersin law,(儿媳)但要注意的是：man driver—men drivers(男司机) woman doctor—women doctors(女大夫)grown up—grown ups(成年人) 但是boy student—则变为boy students [误]Physics are very difficult to learn. [正]Physics is very difficult to learn. [析]虽以s结尾但只能用作单数名词有：科学，学科名字：Physics. Mathematics politics游戏名称：bowls 专有名称：Niagara Falls(尼亚加拉瀑布) 其他名词：news(消息，新闻) [误]There is a people in the room. [正]There is a person in the room. [正]There is a man in the room. [析]people是复数名词，不可用作单数，如要用来讲一个人时应用a person, a man, a woman。同样的词有police.要讲一个警察时则要用a policeman, a policewoman。 [误]Wher is my shoe? [正]Wher are my shoes? [析]常常只用作复数形式的词有trousers, pants, shorts(短裤)，socks(袜子),shoes, gloves(手套)。但如果只找其中的一个则要指明，这时还是应用单数形式。如：Whers my left glove?(我左手的手套在哪?) [误]I paid five pennies for the sweet. [正]I paid five pen