真菌土壤修复课件.pptx

Mycoremediation;As a species, humans are adept at inventing toxins yet equally inept at eliminating them from our environment.;Bill Moyers (2001) reported in Trade Secrets, a Public Broadcasting Service program, that analysis of his blood by Mt. Sinai Medical Hospital revealed 84 of 150 known industrial toxins, many of them carcinogenic (13 dioxins, 31 PCBs, several pesticides, and numerous heavy metals).;Most citizens of this planet, unfortunately, are likely to have similar blood profiles. With current trends, our exposure to dangerous chemicals increases with time as our environments become more polluted. ;;;Fungi are adept as molecular disassemblers, breaking down many recalcitrant, long-chained toxins into simpler, less toxic chemicals. Mycoremediation also holds promise for removing heavy metals from the land by channeling them to the fruitbodies for removal.;;The powerful enzymes secreted by certain fungi digest lignin and cellulose, the primary structural components of wood. These digestive enzymes can also break down a surprisingly wide range of toxins that have chemical bonds like those in wood. ;;The mycelium can dismantle some of the most resistant materials made by humans or nature. ;Since many of the bonds that hold plant material together are similar to thebonds found in petroleum products, including diesel, oil, and many herbicides and pesticides, mycelial enzymes are well suited for decomposing a wide spectrum of durable toxic chemicals.;Because the mycelium breaks the hydrogen-carbon bonds, the primary nonsolid by-products are liberated in the form of water and carbon dioxide. ;More than 50 percent of the organic mass cleaves off as carbon dioxide and 10 to 20 percent as water. This is why compost piles dramatically shrink as they mature. ;The Multi-Kingdom Approach to Decontaminating Toxic Waste Sites;The natural order of organisms sequencing through damaged ecosystems fluctuates according to each habitat’s personality. Here’s one I h