化学化工类专业英语14.pptVIP

* DRUG RESISTANCE Unit 14 Introduction Drug resistance is the reduction in effectiveness of a drug such as an antimicrobial, anthelmintic or an antineoplastic in curing a disease or condition. When the drug is not intended to kill or inhibit a pathogen, then the term is equivalent to dosage failure or drug tolerance. The mechanisms of drug resistance Treatment of drug resistance  Multiple drugs?therapy New drugs designed Phage therapy Drug rational administration Vocabulary drug resistance 耐药性 antibiotic [??ntiba??ɑ:t?k] n.抗生素 pathogenic [p?θ?d?en?k] adj.引起疾病的 strain [stren] n.菌株 susceptible [s??s?pt?b?l] adj.易受影响的 microorganism [?ma?kro??rɡ??n?z?m] n.微生物 microbe [?ma??krob] n.微生物，细菌 predictable [pr??d?kt?bl] ?adj.可预见的 spontaneous mutation自发突变 Vocabulary plasmid [pl?zm?d] n.质粒，质体 enzyme-catalyzed 酶催化 render [?r?nd?] v. 递交，表达 hydrolytic cleavage 水解分裂 lactam [l?kt?m] n.内酰胺 cephalosporin [sef?l?spo?r?n] n.头孢菌素 aminoglycoside [??mi:no?glɑ?ke?sɑ?d] n. 氨基糖苷 bind [ba?nd] vt. vi.（使）结合 Vocabulary ribosome [ra?b?so?m] n. 核糖体 nucleoside [nju:kl?r?sa?d] n.核苷 potency [?potn:si] n.效力 efflux [efl?ks] n.流出物，流出 protein [?pr???ti?n] n.蛋白（质） ligand [l?g?nd] n.配合基 quinolone [kwa?n?lo?n] ?n.喹诺酮 permeability [?p?mi??b?l?ti] n.渗透性 tuberculosis [t??b?:kj??los?s] n.肺结核 Vocabulary mechanism [?m?k??n?z?m] n. 机制 folic acid 叶酸 homoserine [ho?m?s??ri:n] n.高丝氨酸 virulent [?v?rj?l?nt] adj.剧毒的 therapy [?θ?r?pi] n.治疗，疗法 protease [pro?t?e?z] n.蛋白酶 inhibitor [?n?h?b?t?] n.抑制剂 mutant strain 突变株 proliferation [pr??l?f??re??n] n.增殖 Sentances The emergence of resistant microorganisms is now known to be a predictable consequence of widespread antibiotic use (and misuse). Mutations in the organisms can result in changes in the biological target that are protective because they prevent the antibiotic from binding to it. An example of this is the development of bacterial resistance to a tetracycline as a result of mutations th