未来的小规模采矿-环境和社会经济的视角外文文献翻译.docVIP

英文原文 The future of small-scale mining: environmental and socioeconomic perspectives Gavin M. Hilson Environmental Policy and Management Group (EPMG), Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Royal School of Mines, Prince Consort Road, London SW7 2BP, UK Abstract Although small-scale mining provides innumerable benefits to the rural inhabitants and governments of the developing world, its operations have been responsible for a wide range of environmental and socioeconomic complications. This article examines the impacts of small-scale mining, and provides a perspective on the future of the industry. It first describes small-scale mining activity, emphasizing key definitional and locational characteristics. Next, it examines the socioeconomic impacts of the industry, along with its environmental problems.The article concludes by discussing the future of small-scale mining in developing countries. Key words: Small-scale mining; Developing countries; Environment; Future Introduction Small-scale mining has become an indispensable industry in the developing world. Its operations, which feature the most rudimentary of technologies and management practices, provide employment to millions of rural inhabitants. Furthermore, the revenues accrued from activities contribute positively to the mineral export bases and foreign exchange earnings of a number of countries. At the same time, however, several problems exist within small-scale mining regions. In addition to causing significant pollution and land degradation, the industry is renowned for its unsafe practices. Moreover, diseases such as AIDS and malaria, which are prevalent within resident communities, are spreading at an unprecedentedrate. With operations increasing in abundance throughout Africa, Asia and Latin America, it is imperative that governments begin tackling key small-scale mining issues with improved strategy. The purpose of this article is to examine environmental impacts of small-scale mining in