喷射混凝土巷道应力测量仪的性能外文文献翻译、中英文翻译.docVIP

英文原文 The performance of pressure cells for sprayed concrete tunnel linings C . R . I . C L AY TO N,J. P. VA N D E R B E R G , G . H E Y M A N N, A . V. D. B I C A a n d V. S . H O P E Abstract:The paper examines the factors that affect the performance of tangential cells embedded in shotcrete tunnel linings. New data, derived from field monitoring, numerical modelling,and calibration tests carried out to simulate the embedment and crimping processes, are presented. These suggest that although well-designed embedded total pressure cells will have cell action factors close to unity, they cannot be assumed to provide reasonable estimates of the stresses within sprayed concrete linings, unless the influences of installation effects, temperature changes, shrinkage and subsequent crimping can be taken into account. Keywords: field instrumentation; tunnels. Introduction The pressure cells used for measuring the compressive stresses in shotcrete tunnel linings generally consist of two stainless steel plates with a thin fluid- filled cavity between them. The cavity is connected either to a membrane-type bypass valve or to a vibrating-wire pressure transducer. The use of other direct-stress instruments has been reported in the literature, although infrequently. Pressure cells are typically installed in one of two orientations: radial, to record the stress between the sprayed concrete and the ground surrounding the tunnel; and tangential, to record the hoop stress within the tunnel lining itself. This paper considers only tangential cells. Despite their widespread use in practice, there has been very little research reported in the literature on the use and behaviour of shotcrete pressure cells. Many practitioners remain doubtful of the ability of embedded pressure cells to measure the actual stresses in concrete tunnel linings. In a previous paper reviewing instrumentation for sprayed concrete lined tunnels the present authors noted some of the potential difficulties, stati