动脉置管（桡动脉，股动脉）.pdfVIP

Arterial Cannulation (Radial 1 and Femoral) Jeffrey Kile, Katrina John, and Amish Aghera Arterial cannulation is frequently performed in the care of – Raynaud’s syndrome critically ill patients for purposes of both serial arterial blood – Thromboangiitis obliterans (Buerger’s disease) gas sampling and continuous intra-arterial blood pressure • Relative monitoring. It also provides arterial access for less common – Recent surgery in the extremity procedures, including thrombolysis, embolization, angiogra- – Local skin infection phy, and infusion of vasoactive drugs. This chapter discusses – Abnormal coagulation cannulation of the radial and femoral arteries—the two most – Insuffi cient collateral circulation common sites for indwelling arterial catheter placement. – First- or second-degree burns of the extremity – Arteriosclerosis 1.1 Indications • Continuous monitoring of blood pressure in acute illness 1.3 Materials and Medications or major surgery • Serial sampling of arterial blood during resuscitation • Radial artery cannulation: standard over-the-needle cath- • Inability to use noninvasive blood pressure monitoring eter assembly (Fig. 1.1 ) (e.g. , burns, morbid obesity) – Antimicrobial solution and swabs • Continuous infusion of vasoactive inotropes (e.g. , phen- – Sterile gloves tolamine for reversal of local anesthesia) – Local anesthetic (1–2 % lidocaine without • Angiography