国际贸易论文：对华石油出口对俄罗斯国际贸易经济的影响.docxVIP

国际贸易论文：对华石油出口对俄罗斯国际贸易经济的影响  Chapter 1 Introduction  1.1 Research background and purpose Russia and China are destined by geography and development to be linked. Forits part, China needs to import large quantities of oil (and gas). Oil production in thecountry grew faster than consumption through 1986 and net production remainedpositive through 1992. In 1993, however, China became a net importer of oil. In2009, it passed Japan to become the worldrsquo;s second-largest importer, trailing onlythe United States. Russia, meanwhile, is endowed with large oil reserves (andenormous gas reserves) and seeks to export much of what it produces to foreigncountries, including China.No matter how much officials talk about the need to diversify Russiarsquo;seconomy, and no matter how much progress is actually made in that endeavor,energy will continue to serve as Russiarsquo;s principal export for a long time. China isthe fastest-growing importer in the world, and it would be foolish not to pursue thatmarket. Given these potentially complementary interests and the countriesrsquo;proximity to one another, it is unsurprising that Russia and China have had ongoingnegotiations over oil shipments, the construction of pipelines, pricing arrangements,and so on. The negotiations, however, have not been easy as each side has sought toobtain the best deal possible. This memo examines the negotiations over petroleumbetween the two countries and considers their political and economic implications. ...........  1.2 Current research at home and abroad Since the Worldrsquo;s high dependence on oil products, therelation between oil prices and economic growth has received agreat deal of attention from economist over the years, and thereis a large technical literature on various aspects of the subject.But whether the oil price can be seen as an economic indicator onGDP growth is however not as clear.The economic importance of oil price shocks has beenexamined utilizing the neoclas