【影像学】_【课件】normal and abnormal-北京协和医院学习.pptVIP

Calcification Mass Lobulation Spiculation Air way sign Convergence of vascular structure Intrapulmonary air containing space Sundry Cavities Differential diagnosis CHESTnormal and abnormal X ray Normal chest plain radiograph Soft tissue breast and nipple Companion shadows Bone Ribs: Calcification of the cartilage Congenital rib abnormality：cervical rib, fused rib, bifid rib Clavicle Scapula Sterni：manubrium柄、corpus体 Thoracic vertebral bodies The ribs Including pulmonary artery, vein, lymphatics, mainly artery; Distribution: Radiating from the hilum, branches； lower part is rougher than upper part. Pulmonary markings Hilum (肺门) Superior mediastinum: above aortic arch Anterior mediastinum: thymus, lymph nodes;some including heart Posterior mediastinum: vertebral bodies, descending aorta, esophagus Mediastinum Normal chest plain film field (area) 肺野与带 Medial middle lateral area, from the hilum to the rib. Upper, middle, lower field, lower rim of the 2nd/4th anterior rib as the boundary Lobes 肺叶 Right lobe: upper, middle and lower lobe Fissures 叶间裂 : horizontal fissure, oblique fissure Left lobe: upper and lower lobe only (lingula) Fissure: oblique fissure Lobes Lobes Air way Trachea： 气管 Carina: 隆突900 Bronchi：支气管 Diaphragm Cardiophrenic angle Costophrenic angle Right higher than left Posterior lowere than anterior Be aware of … Vessles and hilum Bronchi Mediastinum (thymus, esophagus, lymph node) Pleura Chest wall Non-contrast contrast enhanced lung window CT We can see more details in HRCT Secondary pulmonary lobule 次级肺小叶 Lobular core Lobular parenchyma 小叶中心细支气管 Air way abnormality Stenosis and obstruction 狭窄与闭塞 Complete obstruction Atelectasis 肺不张 Incomplete obstruction Emphysema 肺气肿 Incomplete inflation 肺膨胀不全 Stricture / Stenosis Bronchiectasis emphysema Centrilobular Panlobular bullae Which lobe? Transverse “S” sign Spectrum of chest manifestations Consolidation effusion Calcificati