分子生物学英文课件：Biosynthesis of RNA(I).ppt

Rho factor-independent termination Two distinguishing structure of genes transcribed: A region that is transcribed into self complementary sequences, permitting the formation of a hairpin structure A run of adenylates in the template strand that are transcribed into uridylates at the end of the RNA. It is thought that formation of the hairpin disrupts part of the RNA-DNA hybrid in the transcription complex. The remaining hybrid duplex contains a particularly unstable combination of bases, and the entire complex simply dissociates. 2. RNA Polymerase of Eukaryotes there are three different RNA polymerases in eukaryotic systems: *RNA polymerase I synthesizes 45S rRNA. *RNA polymerase II synthesizes hnRNA/mRNA *RNA polymerase III synthesizes tRNAs,snRNA All have a more complex subunit structure than that of prokaryotic polymerases. The bacterial RNA-P core enzyme is made up of five subunits (β’, β, αI, αII, and σ), with a molecular mass of approximately 0.35 MDa . Eukaryotic RNA-P II consists of these five conserved subunits and seven additional subunits, with a molecular mass of about 0.5 MDa It has been shown that the subunits of the bacterial RNA-P core enzyme and the subunits of eukaryotic RNA-P II exhibit sequence, structural, and functional homology The β’ subunit of bacterial RNA-P corresponds to the eukaryotic RNA-P II subunit RPB1. The bacterial RNAP β subunit corresponds to the eukaryotic RNA-P II subunit RPB2. The αI and αII subunits of bacterial RNA-P, which have identical sequences but different locations, with αI interacting with β and αII interacting with β’, correspond to the RNA-P II subunits RPB3 and RPB11, respectively, and play a role in RNA-P assembly and transcriptional regulation . Finally, the RNAP subunit σ corresponds to the RPB6 subunit of RNAP II Bacterial RNAP ? ?Eukaryotic RNAP II β’ RPB1 β? RPB2 αI? RPB3 αII? RPB11 σ RPB6 Conserved subunits of bacterial RNAP and eukaryotic RNAP II RNA polymerase I :