分子生物学英文课件：Biosynthesis of RNA(II).ppt

Functional tRNA rRNA modification: *intron splicing *base modification RNase Transcription unit (45S) Self-splicing of rRNAs Secondary structure of the self-splicing rRNA intron from Tetrahymena. P1 P1 Ribozyme An RNA molecule with catalytic activity Secondary structure of ribozyme ------ Hammerhead structure Artificial designed ribozyme Synthesized segment Natural segment Consensus sequence Spliced site 名词解释 1.asymmetric transcription RNA is transcribed from only one of the DNA strands that serves as the template The template strand of different genes is not always on the same strand of DNA 2.split gene: eukaryotic structure gene consists of several coding regions and non-coding regions that are spaced and inlaid one other. 3.exon: segments of eukaryotic gene (or of the primary transcript of that gene) that are saved as part of a functional, mature, mRNA, rRNA or tRNA molecular. 4.intron: segments of eukaryotic gene (or of the primary transcript of that gene) that are removed by splicing during RNA processing and are not included in the mature, functional mRNA, rRNA, or tRNA. 5. Spliceosome: a multicomponent complex containing proteins and snRNAs that are involved in mRNA splicing. Post-transcriptional processing mRNA post-transcriptional processing *5’-capping *3’-polyadenylation *mRNA splicing tRNA post-transcriptional processing *intron splicing *rare bases forming *adding CCA-OH at 3’ end rRNA post-transcriptional processing *intron splicing *base modification mRNA processing*5’-Capping. A modified G-nucleotide, termed a “cap”is added to the 5-end of most pre-mRNA. The cap is retained in mRNA, and functions in ribosome binding and mRNA stability.5’pppG… phosphatase 5’ppG… pppG→PPi GpppG… methylase 5’mGpppG… *3-Polyadenylation. A tail of A-nucleotides, generally 100-200 long, is added to the 3-end of most eukaryotic pre-mRNAs. The