肿瘤学课件 犬的乳腺肿瘤.pptVIP

Canine Mammary Tumors犬的乳腺肿瘤 Gillian Dank Introduction 绪论 The most common tumor of female dogs (52%) 是母犬最常见的肿瘤 Frequency of malignancy- 50% 恶性肿瘤的比率占50% Early detection and small tumor size are important prognostic factors for survival. 早期检测和肿瘤的大小是其存活率的重要预后因素 Local control with surgical excision is successful in providing long term control in a majority of cases, however some patients will require adjuvant chemotherapy 在大部分病例局部的手术切除就可成功的将其长期控制，但有些患畜仍要辅助性化疗 More than half of the patients have multiple nodules at the time of diagnosis 诊断时会发现大部分的患畜会长多发结节 Risk Factors 危险因素 Genetic predisposition 遗传易感性 Diet 饮食 In one study, the risk of development of malignant mammary cancer in spayed dogs was reduced if the dogs were of lean body composition at 9–12 months of age. 一项研究表明，如绝育犬在9-12月大时较瘦，则其患恶性乳腺癌的危险性就小。 This finding was supported by a second study indicated that dogs that were obese at 1 year of age had increased risk of development of both benign and malignant mammary tumors. 另一项研究证实了这一说法，即1岁时肥胖的犬患良性和恶性乳腺肿瘤的危险性会增加。 Risk Factors- Breeds危险因素—品种 Suggests a genetic component- not yet identified 建议遗传分组—尚不能识别 toy and miniature poodles 玩具和迷你贵宾犬 english springer spaniels 英国史宾格犬 britanny spaniels cocker spaniels 可卡犬 english setters 英国雪达犬 Pointers 波音达犬 german shepherds 德国牧羊犬 Maltese 马尔他犬 yorkshire terriers 约克夏梗 Dachshunds 腊肠犬 Risk Factors- OVH危险因素— Risk of development if spayed prior to the first estrus is 0.05%; 8% after the first estrus, and 26% if spayed after the second estrus as compared to the risk in intact females. 第一次发情前绝育（摘除卵巢），发病率0.05%； 第一次发情后绝育，发病率后，发病率8%； 第二次发情后绝育，发病率26%，与未绝育的发病率相当。 One report- Dogs spayed within 2 years of the development of their malignant tumor ( including at the time of their mastectomy) have a survival advantage compared to those spayed 2+ years prior to mammary tumor development and mastectomy. 报道－2岁前绝育的犬（包括做乳房切除术的年龄），如患恶性肿瘤，存活率高于2岁后绝育的和已发生乳腺肿瘤并要切除乳房的犬。 Another- spaying at the time of