-2018届高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编讲义特殊句型.docx

PAGE PAGE #/ 5 2018 届高考英语语法专题复习分类汇编精品讲义特殊句型 Was it on a lonely isla nd he was saved one mon th after the boat went down? (2018 四川卷 15) where B. that C. which D. what 【解析】选B。该句为含强调句型的一般问句。强调了地点状语 on a Ionely island,不能选where。它不是定语从句。该句可以还原为一个陈述句： Hewassavedonemonthaftertheboat went down on a lonely island. 考点 1.强调句型的基本结构 Is threehours theboy familyispoortocometoschoolonfoot?A. it; that; whoseB. it; that it takes; whose C. it for; that it takes; whose D. it; when; that 强调句型 特殊句型主要涉及强调句型、倒装句及省略句。 【解析】选B。这是一个强调句，强调作宾语的时间名词 three hours, the boy后接一个定语从句，whose作定语修饰family。句意：那位家境贫寒的男孩 花了三个小时徒步来到学校吗？ 强调句型的基本结构是：It + be +被强调部分+ that(who) 强调句的一般疑问句形式为：Is(Was)+被强调部分+that/who…？ 强调句的特殊疑问句形式为： Who/Whe n/Where/Why + is (was) it that ?强 调句若以特殊疑问句形式出现,很容易误解。比较： Why is it that he cant come?他为什么不能来？ What is it that he wants to buy?他想要买什么？ 以上两句可视为由以下陈述句转换而来： It is because he is ill that he cant come. It is a computer that he wants to buy. 温馨提示：当强调人时，可用 who 代替其中的 that, 当强调时间和地点时， 不能用 when 和 where 代替 that 。 考点2. not…un用于强调句 It was not until that I knew the truth. （2018 四川成都外国语学校高三 第三次月考卷 ） A. you told me B. did you tell me C. had you told me D. you have told me 【解析】选A。该句强调了 notun til you told me。在强调notun til句型时要 将 not 与 until 放在一起，并且语序不变。 其基本形式为 It is （was） not until …。 that … It was not until yesterday that we knew about it. 直到昨天我们才知道这件事。 考点 1.部分倒装 My father and my mother have been married for 30 years, and never once with each other.（福建省三明二中2018高三二模卷） A. have they quarreled B. they have quarreled C. did they quarrel D. had they quarreled 【解析】选A。表否定意义的副词放于句首时后引起部分倒装。即：否定 意义副词＋助动词＋主语＋动词。倒装句 部分否定即将主语与助动词倒置，其结构与疑问句大致相同。构成部分倒 装的主要情形有： 含否定意义的词 （如： never,hardly,seldom,little,few,notuntil,not,notonly,nosooner,notasingle ， nolonger,nowhere,bynomeans,atnotime,neither,nor 等）置于句首时，其后用部分 倒装。 so表示前面所说的情况也适合于另一个人或物时，意为 “…也一样”用 “ sO助动词+主语”这样的倒装句式。若讲述的情况属于同一个人或物时，意为 “…的确如此”主谓不倒装。要注意如果一个并列句中含有两个性质不同的谓 语，另一个省略的倒装结构要用 “So it is/was with sb./sth或 “It is/was the same with sb./sth. 来表”示。 3.only加状语（即：only