国际课程课件系列之物理boardworks Vectors Part 1 - Prefixes scalars and vectors.pptVIP

* of 8 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 8 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 24 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 24 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 24 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 * of 8 ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 SI units and their prefixes SI units and their prefixes Vectors and scalars Displacement and velocity A runner completes one lap of an athletics track. 400 m What is her final displacement? If she ends up exactly where she started, her displacement from her starting position is zero. What is her average velocity for the lap, and how does it compare to her average speed? What distance has she run? Vector equations An equation is a statement of complete equality. The left hand side must match the right hand side in both quantity and units. In a vector equation, the vectors on both sides of the equation must have equal magnitudes and directions. Take Newton’s second law, for example: force = mass × acceleration Force and acceleration are both vectors, so their directions will be equal. Mass is a scalar: it scales the right-hand side of the equation so that both quantities are equal. Force is measured in newtons (N), mass in kilograms (kg), and acceleration in ms-2. The units on both sides must be equal, so 1 N = 1 kgms-2. Scalar or vector? * ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Boardworks A-Level Physics Year 1 and AS Vectors * ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Boardworks A-Level Physics Year 1 and AS Vectors Photo credits: Tera? oorka; Giga ? George Toubalis; Mega ? Vladislav Gurfinkel; no prefix ? Sonja Foos; milli ? Roux Frederic; micro ? Sebastian Kaulitzki; nano ? sgame; pico ? Dainis Derics, all at S 2015 Kilo ? Jupiterimages Corporation 2015 * ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Boardworks A-Level Physics Year 1 and AS Vectors * ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Boardworks A-Level Physics Year 1 and AS Vectors * ? Boardworks Ltd 2015 Boardworks A-Level Physics Year 1 and AS Vectors Photo credit: ? Jupiterimages Corporation 2015 Teacher notes Because the runner’s final displacement is zero, her average velocity (displacement/time) is al