“现在”,“过去”还是“完成”.docVIP

请看下面一道题 : ― Do you really believe him? He often changes his mind. ― But this time, it seems he to go. had decided has decided decides decided 分析很多同学选择了 D,因为觉得decide是过去发生的 动作;也有部分同学选择了 C,因为他认为this time(这次)是标 志词;还有个别同学对过去完成时态认识不清 ，而选择了 Ao实 际上本题应该选择现在完成时态的 B。 下面我们看一下这四种时态的差别 : 一般现在时态有两种用法 :一是表示经常性或习惯性 的动作，指动作的长期性。this time这个词不表明长期性，所以 不能选择C;二是表示客观事实、真理，介绍一种理论或说明某 人的一种兴趣爱好、品行、性质特征等时用一般现在时态。 一般过去时态表示在过去某时刻发生的动作或存在 的状态 ,也就是说一般过去时表示动作的全过程在过去已经 结束 ,不论及对现在的影响 ,也不能延续到现在。 对现在的影响 ;二是表示从过去开始一直延续到现在的动作。 本题为第一个用法。 decide 对现在的影响是 :I really believe him. 4) 过去完成时态表示在过去某一时刻以前已经开始并 一直延续到这一时刻 ,或是在这一时刻以前已经完成的动作 , 简单地说就是在过去的过去发生的动作。过去完成时是一种 相对的时态 ,它必须有一个过去的动作为参照 ,比这个过去的 参照动作更早的动作才能用过去完成时。本题没有过去的动 作为参照 ,所以 A 选项无从谈起。 ?? 下面请看变形练习 : 第一组 : I in London for many years, but I ve never regretted my final decision to move back to China. I in London for many years, and Ill return to China next month. lived was living have lived had lived 分析 1) 根据语境判断出“我”现在已经不在伦敦了 ,虽 然有 for many years 作状语 ,仍然用一般过去时态 , 所以选 A。 2) 根据语境判断“我”在伦敦住了很多年了 ,而且现在还在 伦敦居住。本题考查的是现在完成时的第二种用法 , 所以选 C。 第二组 : 1) ― I ve seen very little of Mary recently. How is she going? ― She was happier than she when I saw her the other day. 2) ― I ve seen very little of Mary recently. How is she going? ― She is happier than she . ― I ve seen very little of Mary recently . How is she going? ― She happy since I last saw her. isB. was C. has beenD. had been 分析 1) 根据语境 :当“我” 在几天前看见她时 ,她比原先 快乐了。本句有一般过去时 She was happier 作为参照 ,所以选 择过去完成时态的 D°2)she is happier是选择的关键,is和was 形成对比，所以选B。3)选择的关键是since I last saw her也就 是说 ,“自从我上次见到她 ,到现在她一直很高兴” ,所以选择 现在完成时态的 C。 第三组 : 1) The flowers were so lovely that they in no time. 2) The flowers were so lovely that they before I bought some. ― Why don t you buy some flowers??? ― What a pity! All the flowers . ― Why don t you buy some flowers??? ― Oh, I got to the flower shop late! The flowers on Sundays before 5 p.m. have been sold out had been sold out were sold out D. are sold out 分析 1) 根据语境 ,花被卖的动作发生在过去 ,所以选 C 2