极限的产生和发展.docVIP

PAGE PAGE 15 极限的产生和发展 摘要：极限理论在数学科学中是最基本、也是非常重要的内容之一，它以变化多端的形式出现，并贯穿于数学学科中。极限理论的产生与发展，经历了几千年，研究探索极限理论从祖冲之的《九章算术》到牛顿的微积分产生的历史过程，查究分析极限理论从最初的创立及后面不断改善发展的过程。由此可以看出，一个全新的数学理论的产生，不能只是长期驻足于表面的阶段上，必须在不断深入了解的基础上，由定性见解转化为定量认识，形成系统的概念和理论。人类在不断的进步，数学对于每一个领域的发展都起了很大的作用，就极限理论而言，它对与数学科学及其它学科也将会发挥非常重要的影响。 关键词：极限的产生;极限的发展;数学史;微积分。 GENERATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF LIMIT ABSTRACT Limit theory in science and mathematics is one of the most basic, is also very important, it to a great variety of forms, and through in mathematics. In the development of modern mathematics, the limit theory is one of the most basic concepts, and it is an important mathematical thought and tool to solve and solve the problemof mathematics. The emergence and development of the theoretical?limit, experienced thousands of years, study and explore the historical process of the limit theory from Zu Chongzhi arithmetic in nine sections to Newtons calculus generated, inquire into analysis of limit theory from the initial founded and back continuously improve the development process. Thus it can be seen that a new mathematical theory, not just settles down for a long time on the surface of the stage, must in deepening understanding of the basis, by qualitative insight transformed to quantitative knowledge, the formation of the concept and theory of the system. Limit theory as the human exploration of mathematical problem and solving a mathematical problem is a kind of important tool,?with the rapid development of science and technology and the?rapid increase of production, of Mathematical Science and other disciplines will play a very important influence. KEY WORDS: The development of the limit; the development of the limit; the history of mathematics; calculus. 1绪论 在大学数学知识的学习中，极限理论是最最基础的一门学科，而且在数学知识的领域中，极限理论是很重要很重要的理论之一，它是解答与分析数学问题的一种重要的方法。它不仅在许多的学科中有比较大的作用，而且在整个数学知识体系中也占有很重要的位置。 1.1为什么研究极限 世界上的每一种事物一直是在不断变化的，科学家们为了形象的表达变化中过程，数学科学家发明了函数这种工具。科学家们不断的研究函数变量之间的关系，慢慢的微积分因此而产生了。极限作为微积分中非常重要的一种工具和思想，它把抽象的函数关系形象的运用数量间的无穷关