心理学专业英语PPT-Chapter 2 Neuroscience and behavior.pptxVIP

Chapter 2 Neuroscience and behavior;Contents ;Reading 1. Lateralized suppression of dichotically presented digits after commissural section in man;Roger Wolcott Sperry?(August 20, 1913 – April 17, 1994) was an American?neuropsychologist,?neurobiologist?and Nobel laureate who, together with?David Hunter Hubel and?Torsten Nils Wiesel, won the 1981?Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine?for his work with?split-brain?research.?A?Review of General Psychology?survey, published in 2002, ranked Sperry as the 44th most cited psychologist of the 20th century. ;It has been shown that when the main commissures joining the two cerebral hemispheres of man are sectioned (as has been done to relieve intractable (adj.很难对付, 难处理的) epilepsy（美[‘ep?.lepsi].癫痫；羊角风）),the surgically disconnected hemispheres continue to function normally to a large extent; but only one,the left in the typical right-hander,appears capable of propositional （命题式；命题式的）speech and writing.;For example,such a patient cannot name or describe objects flashed in his left visual field,but only those flashed on the right,because each field projects solely to the contralateral hemisphere. Nor can he name objects palpated（ v.摸认；【医】触诊） with the left hand,although he manipulates them appropriately with that hand,and is able to remember and select the same object when it is placed among a collection of other items.;In audition,with which this report deals,the anatomical situation is quite different from that in vision or somesthesis. Each ear is represented bilaterally at every stage of the afferent pathway,from the cochlear nucleus to the auditory cortex in the temporal lobe,and therefore sound input cannot be restricted to one cerebral hemisphere;either hemisphere is able to hear through either ear.;Yet,by presenting different verbal stimuli to the two ears simultaneously,we have been able to demonstrate,in commissurotomized patients,a complete or near-complete suppression by the left or speaking hemisphere of input from t