微生物学微生物学 (40).docVIP

BacterialPlasmaMembranes

P1Afterlearningthissection,youshouldbeableto:

?Describethefluidmosaicmodelofmembranestructureandidentifythetypesoflipidstypicallyfoundinbacterialmembranes

P2

Thecellenvelopeisdefinedastheplasmamembraneandallthesurroundinglayersexternaltoit.(红色方框)Thecellenvelopesofmanybacteriaconsistoftheplasmamembrane,cellwall,andatleastoneadditionallayer(e.g.,capsuleorslimelayer).Ofalltheselayers,theplasmamembraneisthemostimportantbecauseitencompassesthecytoplasmanddefinesthecell.Ifitisremoved,thecellscontentsspillintotheenvironmentandthecellnolongerexists.

Furthermore,despitebeingtheinnermostlayerofthecellenvelope,theplasmamembraneisresponsibleformuchofthecellsrelationshipwiththeoutsideworld.Thuswebeginourconsiderationofbacterialcellstructurebydescribingtheplasmamembrane.

P3First，let’stalkaboutthefunctionsofplasmamembranes.

Aprimaryroleofallplasmamembranesisthattheyareselectivelypermeablebarriers:theyallowparticularionsandmoleculestopasseitherintooroutofthecell,whilepreventingthemovementofothers.Thustheplasmamembranepreventsthelossofessentialcomponentsthroughleakagewhileallowingthemovementofothermolecules.

Bacterialplasmamembranesplayothercriticalroles.Theyarethelocationofseveralcrucialmetabolicprocesses:respiration,photosynthesis,andthesynthesisoflipidsandcellwallconstituents.

P4

Inadditiontotheplasmamembrane,somebacteriahaveextensiveintracytoplasmicmembranesystems.Theseinternalmembranesandtheplasmamembraneshareabasicdesign.However,theycandiffersignificantlyintermsofthelipidsandproteinstheycontain.Tounderstandthesechemicaldifferencesandthemanyfunctionsoftheplasmamembraneandothermembranes,itisnecessarytobecomefamiliarwithmembranestructure.

P5

OK,let’ssloo