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MEASLES
AcuterespiratoryinfectiousdiseasecausedbymeaslesvirusClinicalfeature:Fever,Cough,Coryza,Conjunctivitis,ExanthemSpecificsign:Koplik’sSpotsIntroduction
Classification:ssRNAvirusFamily:paramyxoviridaePathogen
Serotype:OnlyoneLocation:PatientsrespiratorysecretionsBlood,UrineofpatientsCharacterization:1.Sensitivetoheat,ultravioletlightanddisinfectant2.LowtemperatureresistancePathogen
Epidemiologyinfectivestage:Theinfectivestageisfromthelateofincubationstagetothe5thdayafterrasheruption.Ifcomplicationoccurs,theinfectivestageprolongstothe10thdayafterrasheruption.Infectioussources----Patients
RoutesoftransmissionEpidemiologyDropletspray
PopulationsusceptibilityEpidemiologyItissusceptibletoallthepeoplewithoutinfectionorinoculation.Theageofpeakincidenceisfrom6monthsto5yearsold.
PriortotheuseofvaccineAftertheuseofvaccineMorbidity(1/100000)Majorepidemics:500-1000Mildepidemics:4009.5in1990PeakseasonInwinterandspringInanytimeofayearEpidemiccycleMajorepidemicsappearby2-4yrintervalsLongercycleSporadiccasesincreasedAge6m-5y(98%10y)Below6mandteenageClinicalmanifestationsTypicalcasesseveremanifestationsmorecomplicationshighmortalityAtypicalcasesincreasedmildmanifestationslesscomplicationsrarelydeathEpidemiologicalFeatures
IncubationperiodApparentmanifestationsPathogenesisRespiratoryepitheliumregionallymphnodesPrimaryviremiamononuclearphagocyticsystemRespiratorytract,conjunctiva,skin,etcViruseliminationsecondaryviremia
Reportedmechanismsofmeaslesimmunesuppression.1.FunctionalImpairment 1)Suppressionoflymphocyteproliferation 2)Alteredcytokineprofiles 3)LymphoproliferationdefectduetoMV-infectedDC 4)Immunemodulationmediatedbyviralproteins 5)Modulationofcellmembranecomponents 6)Inhibitionofhematopoie
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