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PediatricTuberculosis
EPIDEMIOLOGY-TBTuberculosisisaninfectiousdiseasecausedbyMycobacteriumtuberculosis.TBhasaffectedhumanforalongtime.Ithasbeenpresentinthehumanpopulationsinceantiquity-fragmentsofthespinalcolumnfromEgyptianmummiesfrom2400B.C.showdefinitepathologicalsignsoftuberculardecay.SincestreptomycinwasusedtotreatTBin1943,severalanti-tuberculardrughadbeendiscovered.Itsmortalityandmorbiditydecreasedgreatly.However,theglobalincidenceofTBincreasesfromtheearlyof1990.Now,TBremainsaleadingpublichealthproblem.
EPIDEMIOLOGY-TBInternationally2billioninfected10%developclinicaldisease9millionnewcasesannually1.5milliondeathseachyearthetop10listforall-cause,all-ageworldwidemortality95%indevelopingcountriesMortalityindevelopingcountries:200/10,0000peryear;MortalityinChina:532/10,0000Children40%ofTBisinchildrenyoungerthan15yr1.3millionnewcasesannually400,000deathsarechildrenMorelikelytodevelopTBMChildrenwithTBarealwaysneglected
InChina330millioninfected1millionnewcasesannually250000deathseachyearTheinfectionrateis9.6%in14yearoldchildrem
ThecasenumberoftuberculosisandtuberculousmeningitisinCHCMUfrom1992~2012
CharacteristicsofpediatricTB1.Moreseveretuberculosisinfection2.TissuesandorgansarehypersensitivitytotuberculosisbaciliIntrapulmonary：thereisanextensiveinflammationaroundprimaryfocusExtrapulmonary：erythemanodosum,phlyctenularconjunctivitisandmultipletransientarthritis3.Lymphaticsysteminvolvedwidely
4.Systemicspreadtendencyocculthematogenicspreadacutegeneralizedhematogenicspread
4.SystemicspreadtendencyOcculthematogenicspreadmostcommonsporadic,smallnumbernoimmediateclinicalmanifestationremotefociinalmosteveryorgan,especiallyinorgansofrichvasculari
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