高斯噪声作用下含时滞项的集合种群系统的稳定性研究.docVIP

  高斯噪声作用下含时滞项的集合种群系统 的稳定性研究# 王康康1,2，刘先斌1，李胜宏1,2** 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 （1. 南京航空航天大学，机械结构力学与控制国家重点实验室，南京 210016； 2. 江苏科技大学数理学院，江苏镇江 212003） 摘要：集合种群的概念最初由 Levins 在研究小环境中的物种因环境的影响，非常容易灭绝 这种生态现象而提出的。基于 Levins 模型基础上，生态学家在集合种群方面做了大量的研 究。然而，之前的工作大部分局限于确定性的 Levins 模型，忽略了外部环境和斑块内部的 波动效应（噪声）。本文在集合种群模型的基础上研究了乘性和加性高斯白噪声对含有时滞 项的集合种群动力学模型运动稳定性的影响。通过求解 Fokker-Plank 方程得到了系统的稳态 概率密度函数，并运用最快下降法，得到了平均灭绝时间的解析式。结果表明：加性噪声强 度和乘性噪声强度均弱化集合种群的稳定性。平均灭绝时间是加性噪声强度和随机系统延迟 时间的减函数，是乘性噪声强度的增函数。 关键词：集合种群；Levins 模型；色交叉关联噪声；稳定性；平均灭绝时间；时滞项 中图分类号：O411.1；O324 The mean extinction time and stability for a metapopulation system driven by time delay and Gaussian noises Wang Kangkang1,2, Liu Xianbin1, Li Shenghong1,2 (1. State Key Laboratory of Mechanics and Control of Mechanical Structures, Nanjing University of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Nanjing 210016, China; 2. School of Mathematics and Physics, Jiangsu University of Science and Technology, Zhenjiang 212003, China) Abstract: The concept of the metapopulation system was firstly introduced by Levins, while he found an ecological phenominon for which within a small environment and under the influence of the environment, it is very easy for the specieses to become extinct. An then, based on the Levins model, many researches have been done in the field of metapopulation system by ecologists. However, so far, many researches limited to deterministic Levins model, for which, both the external and internal noises were neglected. In the present paper, based on the Levins model, the stability for a metapopulation system driven by time delay and Gaussian white noises is investigated. The stationary probability density function is obtained by solving the Fokker-Planck equation, and the explicit expressions of the mean extinction time is derived, via the steepest descent method. Numerical results show that: the addictive noise and the multiplicative noise intensity weaken the stability of metapopulation system. The mean extinction times is a decreasing functi