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Effect of heat treatment on the activity of nickel
phthalocyanine catalysts for oxygen reduction reaction in
acid and alkaline electrolytes
DING Lei, QIAO Jinli*
College of Environmental Science and Engineering Donghua University,
2999 Ren’min North Road Shanghai 201620
Abstract: Effect of heat treatment on the activity of nickel phthalocyanine (NiPc) catalysts for
oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) was studied in both acid and alkaline electrolytes. The catalytic
activity was found to depend strongly on the electrolyte and heat treatment temperature. High
ORR activity was demonstrated on 40%NiPc/C electrode in 0.1M KOH solution, and the
heat-treatment of 800oC is optimal for the catalyst synthesized. Further using rotating disk
electrode (RDE) measurements and Koutechy-Levich analysis, the overall electron transfer
number in the catalyzed ORR on 40%NiPc/C was found to be 2.8, suggesting the catalyzed ORR
proceeds via both the 2e- transfer reduction and the 3e- transfer reduction.
Keywords: NiPc; heat treatment; electrocatalytic activity; ORR
0 Introduction
Platinum is the typical cathode catalyst used for proton exchange membrane (PEM) fuel cells
due to its high oxygen reduction activity and excellent chemical stability. However, the wide
application of this technology has been strongly hindered because of the high cost and reliability of
the Pt catalysts [1]. Based on this situation, great interests have been evoked on the development of
non-Pt catalysts including transition metal chalcogenides, metal oxides /carbides /nitrides / and
macrocyclic complexes [2-4]. Among these catalysts, macrocyclic complexes such as transition
metal phthalocyanines (MPcs) supported on carbon substrates are considered to be the promising
candidates of cathode catalysts because of their conjugated structure and good chemical stability
[5-7]. The mechanism demonstrated that the catalytic activity of MPc catalysts was related to
transition metal and ligands on the phthalocyanine. With
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