明清之际遗民梦想花园的构建及意义.pdfVIP

明清之际遗民梦想花园的构建及意义 中文摘要 明末清初，遗民张岱与黄周星几乎同时在作品中为自己构建了一座梦想 花园。如果说张岱的“琅嬛福地”代表的是是梦想花园以回忆构筑、面向过 去的模式和向度；那么黄周星的“将就园”代表的乃是梦想花园以想象构建 的模式和面向未来的向度。它们共同构成了文人构建“梦想花园”的两种典 范。 本文在明清鼎革的大背景下，探讨张岱与黄周星于诗文中构建梦想花园 的意义所在。通过对文本的解读和对作者心理的探究，在梳理中国园林史的 背景下，参照西方文化人类学、心理学批评方式，力图挖掘出梦想花园的构 建之后隐藏的遗民心境及其在园林史上的意义。本文认为张岱的“琅嬛福地” 与黄周星的“将就园”的构建固然都是出于明季遗民对现实中王朝兴替带来 的痛苦的规避，但却又各具特色。无论是这两座梦想花园所折射出的遗民的 隐秘心境还是它们所代表的人们寻找心灵家园的主题与模式，“琅嬛福地” 与“将就园”都具有典型性。在它们之前，尚没有可知的内涵上升到宇宙人 生境界的梦想园林的出现；在它们之后，也没有超出它们代表的两个模式与 向度的虚有园林的诞生。梦想花园不仅是遗民对家园永失的痛苦所作出的自 我规避与弥补，也代表了人类亘古以来重返神迹、寻找精神家园的渴望。 4 明清之际遗民梦想花园的构建及意义 Abstract At the joint of Ming and Qing Dynasty, two adherents of Ming Dynasty, Zhang Dai and Huang Zhouxing, built Dream Gardens for themselves in their works almost at the same time. If we make a reservation that Zhang Dai’s Langhuan Wonder land stands for a mode of building Dream Garden with memory and orientating towards the passed, Huang Zhouxing’s Jiangjiu garden can be considered as a mode of imagination and a future orientation. They made up of the two models of literati’s Dream Garden. At the background of the change of dynasty, this essay discusses the meaning of the Dream Gardens’ building in Zhang Dai and Huang Zhouxing’s poets and articles. Through the reading of the texts, penetrating the writers’ psychology, presenting the Chinese Gardening History, referring to the criticism of Cultural Anthropology and Psychology, we try to find out the loyalists’ mentality behind the building of the Dream Garden and its meaning in the garden history. It’s concluded that although the emergences of Zhang Dai’s Langhuan Wonder land and Huang Zhouxing’s Jiangjiu garden were both drawn from the adherent