中国无子女老人基本状况研究.pdfVIP

摘 要 全球老龄化已是不争的事实，政府及学术界对老龄问题的研究也越来越重 视。对于中国而言，人口迅速老龄化，同时还伴随着中国计划生育政策的实行， 因此出现了大量的独生子女父母正在步入或已经步入老年阶段。在论证独生子 女父母养老面临巨大挑战的同时，不要忽视了，在老年人群体中还存在一定数 量的无子女老年人。现阶段，子女仍是老年父母获取养老资源最主要的途径， 加之我国社会养老保险仍处于改革探索阶段，养老金支付面临巨大压力。面对 这样的养老环境，养老问题，不仅仅是独生子女家庭的最大隐忧，更是无子女 老年人面临的现实养老问题。因此，无子女老年人如何养老必将成为社会和政 府高度关注的问题。 本文研究旨在通过分析现阶段我国无子女老年人的基本人口学特征及部分 社会经济特征，进而阐述其社会政策含义，并进一步提出针对无子女老年人的 政策建议。主要根据 2005 年全国老年人口健康状况调查数据，通过与有子女老 人的对比，对无子女老人的现状、发展趋势等进行分析，结果显示无子女老人 的数量、比重在人口老龄化特别是独生子女父母老龄化的条件下将不断上升； 与有子女老人相比，无子女老人的养老资源较贫乏。 关键词：无子女；老年人；特征 3 Abstract With rapidly aging populations in countries around the world, there is an increased interest globally in the welfare of the elderly. In China, family planning policy has implemented for a long time, and this policy results population ageing in one sense. Therefore, there are a great number of only child parents who were marching into or have already entered the old age stage. At the same time, a number of childless elderly exist in China. At present, children are still the main way of the old parents’ care gained, and the social old-age insurance is still to be at the reform exploration stage, and the pension payment faces with huge presser. So ageing support is not only the trouble of the only child parents, but also the realistic challenge of the childless elderly. The article examines and presents the basic demography characteristics and some social-economic characteristics of childless elderly, and studies the social policies, and makes some childless elderly ageing support suggestions for the government. The article makes use of the data from 2005 Healthy Ageing Researc