肝干细胞的几个生物学问题.pdfVIP

第21卷 第5期 生命科学 Vol. 21, No. 5 2009年10月 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Oct., 2009 文章编号 ：1004-0374(2009)05-0710-05 肝干细胞的几个生物学问题 向　导，胡以平* （第二军医大学细胞生物学教研室，上海200433） 摘　要：对肝干细胞的认识，自卵圆细胞发现以来已经经历了五十多年。期间许多的研究提示和证明 肝干细胞具有很好的生物医学应用前景。近年来，肝干细胞的概念已被广泛接受和认可，肝干细胞的 生物学特性及其医学应用的探索也成为了研究的热点。目前在该领域中，主要以肝干细胞存在的位置、 与其所处微环境的相互作用、肝干细胞的分子标记以及其分化特性等方面备受关注。肝干细胞的研究为 肝脏疾病及其他相关疾病的治疗带来了新希望。然而，肝干细胞研究的过程中仍存在很多未解的问题， 因此将肝干细胞研究引入临床应用则还需要更加深入的探索。 关键词：干细胞；肝干细胞；干性维持；细胞分化；细胞治疗 中图分类号：Q813; R657.3　　文献标识码：A Several aspects of liver stem cells biology XIANG Dao, HU Yi-ping* (Department of Cell Biology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China) Abstract: It is more than five decades since the oval cell has been found. During this period, marvelous bio-medical potential of the liver stem cells (LSCs) was implied and proved by many researches. The concept of LSCs has been accepted, and the investigation on LSCs has turned to be the hotspot in recent years. Most concentration in this territory is on the place where LSCs exist, the interaction between LSCs and the microenvironment, molecule markers of LSCs and its differentiation. The researches on LSCs have brought new hope for treatments for liver diseases and other disorders. However, because of the problems remained in the researches, more and further investigation on LSCs is needed in order to put LSCs from laboratory study to clinical therapy. Key words: stem cell; liver stem cells; stemness maintenance; cell differentiation; cell therapy 对于肝干细胞的认识，可追溯到20世纪50年 应用，卵圆细胞是肝干细胞的概念已经得到认可。 代。Farber[1]在使用致癌剂处理大鼠后，发现其肝 然而，卵圆细胞只是成体肝脏在病理状态才出现的 组织的门管区内出现体积较小的圆形非实质细胞，