知识型员工激励存在的问题及其成因.docVIP

摘 要 随着知识经济时代的到来，知识和高新科技是新经济迅速崛起的两大关键，知识更是这样的一个引擎，提高了生产率和促进了经济的增长，带来了组织形式及权利结构的巨大变化。然而，在这样的背景下，拥有更多知识的员工便成为组织内重要的一部分资本，为企业的发展而护航。知识型员工有着不同于传统员工的特点，他们工作自主、个性独特、成就动机强，并且极具有创新精神。现今，以传统方式来约束知识型员工已经不太奏效，如何有效激励知识型员工，提高其效率，使其能为组织带来更大的价值，是当代人力资源管理工作的一大挑战。 本论文是从心理契约的这个角度入手，一是概括了知识型员工的内涵、特点和需求。接着探讨了心理契约的概念发展、内容和维度、知识型员工心理契约违背及后果。最后向大家介绍了两大类激励理论,内容型激励理论和过程型激励理论。二是详细的论述了对知识型员工激励所存在的问题以及成因。这些问题主要是：片面重视企业价值、激励手段单一化、激励手段单一化、组织文化与知识型员工的发展不协调、对知识型员工的绩效评价体系不完善；此外还详细分析了造成这些问题的主要原因。最后结合波特-劳勒的过程型激励模型理论，构建知识型员工的激励机制模型，继而提出相应的激励方式。 关键词：知识型员工；心理契约；激励；心理契约维度 Abstract With the rapid development of the knowledge-oriented and high-tech industries in the knowledge economy era,knowledge is considered to be the motivator to improve the productivity and drive the economic growth. The organization and the authority structure which were formed in the social and economic development during the past decades is undergone the fundamental changes by the influence of knowledge. In this context,knowledge workers become the core human capital of the company and the main target of enterprise management. However, knowledge workers are a new work generation with personalized, innovative and independent features.They are easy to mobile to other business and have strong desire for achievements. Consequently, it is no longer effective to restrict the knowledge workers using the traditional contracts. How to motivate knowledge workers is a big challenge to human resource management. In this paper,starting from the perspective of psychological contract,firstly summarizes the connotation of knowledge workers,characteristics and needs.Then explore the concept of psychological contract development,content and dimensions, knowledge workers and the consequences of psychological contract violation.Finally, to introduce the two types of incentive theory,content-based incentive theory and process -based incentive theory.Secondly motivate knowledge workers discussed the problems and their causes.Th