i n d i v i d u a l d i f f e r e n c e i n o c u l a t i o n(我n d v d u l d i f f e r e n c e i n o c u l t i o n).doc

i n d i v i d u a l d i f f e r e n c e i n o c u l a t i o n(我n d v d u l d i f f e r e n c e i n o c u l t i o n).doc

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Running head: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN MATERNAL SOOTHING EFFECTS Individual Differences in the Effectiveness of Maternal Soothing on Reducing Infant Distress Response Laudan B. Jahromi University of California, Los Angeles Cynthia A. Stifter The Pennsylvania State University Please address correspondence to: Laudan B. Jahromi UCLA Graduate School of Education and Information Studies Box 951521, 3132B Moore Hall Los Angeles, CA 90095-1521 Phone: (310) 351-3578 Fax: (949) 387-8867 Email: jahromi@ucla.edu Running head: INDIVIDUAL DIFFERENCES IN MATERNAL SOOTHING EFFECTS Individual Differences in the Effectiveness of Maternal Soothing on Reducing Infant Distress Response SYNOPSIS Objective. The present study investigates individual differences in the effectiveness of specific maternal regulatory behaviors on reducing the intensity and duration of infants’ distress to an inoculation. Additionally, we examined the stability of infants’ stress responses and the stability of specific maternal soothing behaviors. Design. The sample included 128 mother-infant dyads that were observed during an inoculation at 2- and 6-months. The intensity and duration of infants’ distress responses and eight specific maternal soothing behaviors were subsequently coded. Results. The intensity of infant cry response was stable across age, but the duration of crying was not. Of the eight specific maternal regulatory behaviors studied, affection, touching, vocalizing, caretaking, and feeding/pacifying were stable across infant age. Finally, an index of the overall effectiveness of maternal soothing behaviors at 2 months negatively predicted cry duration but not cry intensity at 6 months. Conclusions. The results of the present study found that infants of mothers who were effective at soothing their distress at 2 months showed a shorter duration of crying 4 months later, suggesting the possible influence of maternal regulation on infants’ development of

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