Biogeographic Patterns of Finnish Crane Flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea)英文文献资料.docVIP

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Biogeographic Patterns of Finnish Crane Flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea)英文文献资料.doc

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Biogeographic Patterns of Finnish Crane Flies (Diptera, Tipuloidea)英文文献资料

HindawiPublishingCorporation Psyche Volume2012,ArticleID913710,20pages doi:10.1155/2012/913710 ResearchArticle BiogeographicPatternsofFinnishCrane Flies(Diptera,Tipuloidea) JukkaSalmela ZoologicalMuseum,DepartmentofBiology,UniversityofTurku,20014Turku,Finland CorrespondenceshouldbeaddressedtoJukkaSalmela,jueesal@utu.? Received27April2012;Revised25July2012;Accepted14August2012 AcademicEditor:DavidRoubik Copyright?2012JukkaSalmela. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons AttributionLicense, whichpermitsunrestricteduse,distribution,andreproductioninanymedium,providedtheoriginalworkisproperlycited. Species richness of terrestrial and freshwater biota generally decreases with increasing latitude. Some taxa, however, show an anomalousspecies richnesspatterninaregionalorglobal scale. Theaimofthisstudywas toexamine(i)regionalvariation in species richness, (ii) faunistic composition, (iii) occupancy, and (iv) proportions of di?erent distribution types of Finnish crane?ies.Analyseswerebasedonincidencedatapooledinto20biogeographicalprovinces.Finnishcrane?yfaunaconsistsof 335species;theprovincialrichnessvariesfrom91to237.Thespeciesrichnessofallspeciesandsaproxylic/fungivorousspecies decreasedwithincreasinglatitude;mire-dwellingcrane?iesdisplayedareversedpattern(Spearman’scorrelations).Thirty-one speciesoccupiedasingleprovinceand11specieswerepresentinallprovinces.Provincialassemblagesshowedastronglatitudinal gradient(NMSordination)andfaunisticdistanceincreasedwithincreasinggeographicaldistance(Manteltest).Nearlyhalf(48%) oftheFinnishcrane?iesareTrans-Palaearctic,roughlyone-third(34%)areWestPalaearctic,andonly16and2%areHolarctic andFennoscandian,respectively.EndemicFennoscandianspeciesarediscussedindetail;mostlikelytherearenotrueendemic crane?iesinthisregion. 1.Introduction species in the north boreal and temperate zones than in thetropics.WithinnorthwesternEurope(Fennoscandia,that is,Nordiccountries,RussianKarelia,andKolapeninsula), speciesr