Brain Interactions between Extinction and Reconsolidation in the Treatment of Fear Memories英文文献资料.docVIP

Neuroscience Medicine, 2011, 2, 232-238 doi:10.4236/nm.2011.23032 Published Online September 2011 (http://www.SciRP.org/journal/nm) Brain Interactions between Extinction and Reconsolidation in the Treatment of Fear Memories Dagieli Sartor , Natália Gindri Fiorenza , Jociane de Carvalho Myskiw , Iván Izquierdo 1 1 1 1, 2 1 Centro de Memória, Instituto do Cérebro, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil; National 2 Institute of Translational Neuroscience, National Research Council of Brazil and Memory Center, Brain Institute, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil. Email: Izquier@.br Received July 4 , 2011; revised July 25 , 2011; accepted August 6 , 2011. th th th ABSTRACT Memory traces become labile at the time of retrieval, and this initiates two protein synthesis-dependent processes in the brain: extinction, which inhibits their further retrieval, and reconsolidation, which may enhance retrieval or change the memory’s content. Extinction may itself suffer reconsolidation. Interactions between these processes may be applied to the treatment of fear memories, such as those underlying the post-traumatic stress disorder. Keywords: Memory, Extinction Learning, Reconsolidation, Fear Memories 1. Introduction somewhat earlier than extinction processes in the central nervous system of crabs [9]. It would be impractical if reconsolidation mechanisms were activated after extinct- tion has already been initiated because by then the ex- tinction process would have already begun to take its toll [1,11]. Memories can be modified in many ways after they are consolidated.