Primary extrahepatic alveolar echinococcosis of the lumbar spine and the psoas muscle 英文参考文献.docVIP

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Primary extrahepatic alveolar echinococcosis of the lumbar spine and the psoas muscle 英文参考文献.doc

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Primary extrahepatic alveolar echinococcosis of the lumbar spine and the psoas muscle 英文参考文献

Nelletal.AnnalsofClinicalMicrobiologyandAntimicrobials2011,10:13 /content/10/1/13 CASE REPORT OpenAccess Primaryextrahepaticalveolarechinococcosisof thelumbarspineandthepsoasmuscle ManuelNell1,RainerHBurgkart1,GuntmarGradl1,RüdigervonEisenhart-Rothe1,ChristophSchaeffeler2, DennisTrappe3,ClarissaPrazeresdaCosta4,ReinerGradinger1andChlodwigKirchhoff1* Abstract Alveolarechinococcosis(AE)ofhumanbeingcausedbyEchinococcusmultilocularisisararebutimportant zoonosisespeciallyintemperedzonesofmiddleEuropeandNorthernAmericawithendemiccharacterinmany countries.Duetothelongincubationperiod,variousclinicalmanifestations,criticalprognosis,andoutcomeAE presentsaseriousandseveredisease.Theprimaryfocusofinfectionisusuallytheliver.Althoughsecondary affectionofvisceralorgansispossibleextrahepaticAEishighlyuncommon.Moreover,theinvolvementofbone andmusclepresentswithanevenlowerincidence.IntheliteraturenumerouscasesonhepaticAEhavebeen reported.However,extrahepaticAEinvolvingbonesand/ormuscleswasdescribedveryrarely.Wereportacaseof an80-year-oldmanwithprimaryextrahepaticalveolarEchinococcosisofthelumbarspineandthepsoasmuscle. Theetiology,diagnosis,differentialdiagnoses,treatmentoptionsandoutcomeofthisrarediseasearediscussedin contextwiththecurrentliterature. Introduction infiltrating andmetastasizing character, AEisclinically TwotypesofEchinococcusspeciesareknown-Echino- stagedaccordingtothePrimary-tumor-Nodes-Metasta- coccusgranulosus(EG)andEchinococcusmultilocularis sis-system (PNM)-system. It is based on the extent of (EM). EG causes cystic Echinococcosis (CE) while EM the hepatic lesion, the affection of adjacent organs as causesalveolar Echinococcosis (AE)[1-3]. AEisoneof well as the number and extent of metastases [1] (see the most pathogenic zoonoses in the northern hemi- table 1). AE usually metastasizes to pancreas, spleen, sphere with an annual incidence of 0.03 to 1.2 per retroperitoneum, lung, brain, butalso toboneandsoft 100.000 inhabitants [4,5]. In Europe EM