工程项目管理课件-合同管理.pptVIP

合同管理CONTRACT ADMINISTRATION 一、合同的基本作用 合同分配工程任务 合同确立了项目组织关系 合同为法律依据 合同协调统一各参加者的行为 合同是争执解决的依据 The Primary Ingredients of Contracts Mutual agreement between the parties expressed by a bid, an identical acceptance of the offer without qualification, and the parties’ genuine intention to take on the rights and duties of the contract. Offer and acceptance are the outward sign of mutual agreement. It includes genuine intention. Capacity of the parties to make the contract unimpaired by either inherent liability or legal restriction. Consideration of value to be exchanged by the parties, namely, construction work in exchange for payment. Lawful object of the contract to be achieved by proper performance within an agreed or otherwise reasonable period of time. 二、合同管理工作过程 All construction projects involve risks, and the several risks recognized can be calculated to the extent that valid information is available. The best contract is one designed to suit the prevailing conditions; one in which the risks are shared so that the greater risk is taken by the party who has the greater knowledge of that risk, and so that the party who has the most information about a risk can best minimize the chance of loss. Different Levels of Risks with Different Contracts With a maximum of information, a stipulated-sum contract is feasible because a valid estimate of costs can be made. With a minimum of information, only a cost-plus-(fixed) (percentage)-fee contract is viable. Construction contracts should be designed according to the information available. 国际通用的FIDIC合同条件 FIDIC合同条件包括两个部分： 第一部分：通用条件 General Conditions 第二部分：专用条件 Conditions of Particular Application FIDIC合同条件适用范围 适用于单价合同 适用于采取国际竞争性公开招标的工程项目 适用于由咨询工程师进行施工管理的工程项目 世界银行推荐采用的施工合同条件 采用世界银行推荐的合同条件的主要有： 世界银行 The World Bank 亚洲开发银行 ADB 非洲开发银行 AFDB 其他区域性金融组织或基金会 在工程项目招标承包方面，世界银行发布了《工程采购招标文件样本》。 凡是接受世界银行贷款的工程项目，皆需采取这一套合同条件或经世界银行同意的其他合同条件 世界银行制定的招标文件样本的主要特点： 参照国际通用的FIDIC合同条件，制定了招标程序，建议全文采用FIDIC合同条件的“通用条件”，作为承包施工条件的