全球运营管理课件new gom3-factory layout (update).pptVIP

GOM3 Operations ManagementLayout Basic Production Layouts Process Layout Product Layout Group Technology (Cellular) Layout Fixed-Position Layout Process Layout Advantages: general purpose and less capital intensive less vulnerable to changes equipment utilization employee supervision Disadvantages: slower processing rates lost production time for setups more capital and space for inventory longer manufacturing lead times materials handling requires variable path devices production planning and control more difficult Product Layout Advantages: faster processing rates lower inventories infrequent setups Disadvantages: risk of layout redesign less flexibility for low volume, dedicated resources have low utilization Group TechnologyBenefits 1. Better human relations 2. Improved operator expertise 3. Less in-process inventory and material handling 4. Faster production setup Group TechnologyTransition from Process Layout 1. Grouping parts into families that follow a common sequence of steps. 2. Identifying dominant flow patterns of parts families as a basis for location or relocation of processes. 3. Physically grouping machines and processes into cells. Example: Process Flow Analysis Assume that King Sports Products produces a variety of tennis rackets sequentially on four machines, and the times required on each machine for one typical racket are shown as follows: Example: Process Flow Analysis Example: Process Flow Analysis Example--Line Balancing You’ve just been assigned the job of setting up an electric fan assembly line with the following tasks: Precedence Diagram Which process step defines the maximum rate of production? The bottleneck We want to assembly 100 fans per day What does this figure represent? Some Rules We’ll Follow for Loading Workstations Primary: Assign tasks in order of the largest number of following tasks. Secondary (tie-breaking): Assign tasks in order of the longest operating time Efficiency of the Assembly Line 20 * * 4 Layout Types Foun