制造业装配线工艺设备改进与噪声防控研究.docVIP

制造业装配线工艺设备改进与噪声防控研究 张维森 邓颍聪 廖阳 陈琳 岑子博 舒友梅 广州市第十二人民医院/广州市职业病防治院职业卫生评价检测中心 X 关注成功！ 加关注后您将方便地在 我的关注中得到本文献的被引频次变化的通知！ 新浪微博 腾讯微博 人人网 开心网 豆瓣网 网易微博 摘????要： 目的 探讨制造业装配线紧固设备改进在防噪方面的有效性、可操作性和实用性。方法 调查某公司摩托车装配生产线生产工艺, 同时对比检测并统计分析冲击式风枪改为油压脉冲式风枪前后装配作业场所工人接触的噪声声级及噪声作业分级。结果 与使用冲击式风枪相比, 试用油压脉冲式风枪作业岗位噪声声级平均降低19 d B (A) , 配对t检验:t=19.570, P0.001;改用油压脉冲式风枪后, 装配作业岗位噪声声级显著降低, 配对t检验:t=6.041, P0.001, 其中装配1线和总装1线平均噪声声级分别下降13 d B (A) 和16.6 d B (A) , 噪声作业分别由中度危害 (Ⅱ级) 和极度危害 (Ⅳ级) 降至相对无害 (0级) 。结论 装配作业使用的冲击式风枪改为油压脉冲式风枪在防噪方面合理、有效, 可满足实际需求。 关键词： 噪声; 冲击式风枪; 油压脉冲式风枪; 作者简介：张维森 (1967—) , 男, 博士, 主任医师, 硕士生导师, 主要从事职业卫生与职业病防治工作及职业流行病学和慢性非传染性疾病研究。 收稿日期：2017-03-20 Study on process equipment improvement and noise control in assembly line of manufacturing industry Zhang Weisen Deng Yingcong Liao Yang Chen Lin Cen Zibo Shu Youmei Guangzhou Occupational Diseases Prevention and Treatment Center; Abstract： Objective To explore the effectiveness, operability and practicability of the improved fastening devices in manufacturing assembly line on noise control. Methods A motorcycle company in a certain city was chosen to survey its assembly line production process. Contrast test and statistic analysis were conducted to investigate the noise intensities and the classifications of noise hazard at assembly posts after the impact type air gun changing into hydraulic pulse type air gun. Results The results showed that compared with the impact type air gun, the hydraulic pulse type air gun made the average noise intensity at operating posts reduced by19 d B ( A) ( paired t test: t = 19. 570, P0. 001) , meanwhile, the noise intensities at assembly posts were also significantly reduced ( paired t test: t = 6. 041, P 0. 001) , the average noise intensities of assembly line and final assembly line were decreased by 13 d B ( A) and 16. 6 d B ( A) respectively, and the noise occupational hazards classifications were from two to zero and four to zero, respectively as well. Conclusion The results suggested that imp