(精选)Risks of Antibiotics in Animal Waste教学课件.pptVIP

Possible Animal Origin of Human-Associated, MDR uropathogenic E. coli Multistate outbreak of TMP-SXT resistant E. coli urinary tract infections PFGE and PCR fingerprinting 1 isolate from a cow was found in a cluster of human isolates Conclusion: origin of this drug resistant strain potentially has an animal origin Occupational and Farm Resident Risk Tetracycline resistant E. coli transferred to farmers and farm families (31.3% compared with 6.8% of neighbors) Levy. 1976. NEJM 295:583 Macrolide resistant S. aureus and Streptococci as well as Enterobacteriaceae resistant to quinolone, TMP-SXT, tetracycline and aminoglycoside more common in pig farmers than controls Aubry-Damon et al. 2004. Emerg Infect Dis. 10:873 Enterococci resistant to streptogramins or vancomyin transferred from chicken and turkey flocks to farm workers Willems et al. 2000. J. Infect Dis. 182:816 Van den Boggard et al. 1997. NEJM. 337:1558 Ceftriaxone resistant S. typhimurium transferred from cattle to 12 y.o. farm resident causing severe intestinal illness. Fey et al. 2000. NEJM. 342:1242 1 or more antibiotics found in 48% of streams sampled. 14 of 22 antibiotics detected at least once. Concentrations generally low (0.5 ppb). Most frequently detected antibiotics: trimethoprim (27.4%), erythromycin-H2O (21.5%), lincomycin (19.2%), sulfamethoxazole (19.0%), tylison (13.5%). Antibiotics found in streams downstream of both intensive urban (68%) and livestock (39%) activity. Antibiotics in Surface Water Kolpin et al. Environ Sci Technol 2002. 36:1202 US Governmental Response Release Assessment Exposure Assessment Qualitative Risk Assessment Consequence Assessment Risk Estimation Risk estimation integrates results from release, exposure and consequence assessments to produce overall measure of risk associated with hazards _____________________________________________________________________________________________________ Text only version Press Release: Antimicrobial Animal Drugs FDA Home