经济个人主义的赞歌——评丹尼尔·笛福的《摩尔·弗兰德斯》-hymn of economic individualism - on daniel defoes moore flanders.docxVIP
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经济个人主义的赞歌——评丹尼尔·笛福的《摩尔·弗兰德斯》-hymn of economic individualism - on daniel defoes moore flanders
凭自己的力量和耐力在极其恶劣的环境中求取生存和发展终于实现了自己要做贵妇人的梦想丹尼尔笛福对于摩尔这个女性形象的刻画超越了女性形象的传统模式他对摩尔的肯定和赞成实际上是对资本主义原始积累时期新兴资产阶级勤奋勇敢上进乐观等可贵品质的赞扬与歌颂,反映了当时经济个人主义的世界观但是笛福对于摩尔这种为了达到个人目的而不择手段的做法不是绝对赞同因而他给摩尔安排了因忏悔而得到宽恕的结局这反映了在物欲横流的世界里他对人类灵魂拯救的关心笛福在自己每一部作品的序言中都表明了他对文学的道德教诲作用的重视声称他一贯的创作目的是要使有罪的人幡然悔悟或者告诫天真无辜的人免入歧途然而给读者说教并不是笛福创作摩尔弗兰德斯一书的终极目的他在书里最希望向世人传播的是当时正处于上升阶段的资本主义价值观念即人活着应该为个人的财富而勤勉工作应该善于经营敢于冒险具有开拓精神正是摩尔所具备的这种单枪匹马向未知世界开拓的精神使英国在十九世纪成为幅员辽阔的日不落帝国正如E.M. 福斯特所说摩尔弗兰德斯无疑是一部人物小说在这部小说里笛福第一次将一个普通女性的日常生活作为关注的中心通过对摩尔这个人物形象的成功塑造揭示了资产阶级利己主义与灵魂拯救冲突的矛盾反映了新兴资产阶级的世界观宣扬了应按照人的自然本性而生活运用自我的理性来控制生活等积极的信条他成功塑造的女性形象摩尔所具有的经济个人主义性格在当时无疑具有历史进步意义但愿本文能填补国内从经济学的角度来研究丹尼尔笛福的空白关键词丹尼尔笛福经济个人主义摩尔弗兰德斯5ThePraiseofEconomicIndividualismOnDanielDefoe’sMollFlandersPostgraduate: Huang chunyingSupervisor:AssociateProfessorZhangShuningAbstractDanielDefoeisoneofthemostuniqueandcontroversialwritersofthe eighteenthcenturyinEnglishandworldliterature.Duringhislifetimeandeven afterwards,Defoewasquestionedandcriticizedbythepublicbecauseofhis changeablepolitical stand and unique writing style.WhenDefoeismentioned,peoplewillnaturallythinkofRobinsonCrusoe,a heroofDefoe’snovel,wholivedaloneonadesertislandfor28years.RobinsonCrusoeDefoe’smasterpieceisoneofthemostwidelyreadworksinworld literature.MollFlandersisnottherepresentativeworkofDefoe,butitisthemost popularworkofDefoe.JustasthefamouscontemporarywriterandcriticVirginia WoolfsaidaboutMollFlandersandRoxana-“TheystandamongthefewEnglish novelswhichwecancallindisputablygreat”.Moll Flanders isDefoe’sfirstwork,in whichawomanservesasthemaincharacter.Itisworthdiscussing.Itfullyreflects Defoe’svalues,moralityandhiswritingstyle.Asawriterwithsharpinsightand consciousness,Defoedescribesalonelywoman’sstruggleforsurvivalinsocial wilderness.Thebooknotonlyinspiresustoponderovertheconflictsbetweenthe Bourgeoisie’sindividualismandtheirmoralvalues,butalsomakesusmeditateon thematter of human survival.Thethemeofthisnovelisprofoundandcomplicated.Itismainlyconcernedwith theconflictsbetweeneconomicindividualismandthecareofs
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