《广雅疏证》同族字研究-汉语言文字学专业论文.docx

I I 摘要 王念孙是传统小学之大家，其训诂学巨著《广雅疏证》影响深远。自《广雅疏证》问世，研 究之作就不断出现，总得看来，已经涵盖了文献学和语言学的各个方面，本文从文字学的角度对 《广雅疏证》进行了同族字研究。同族字研究，关注的是在文字的产生过程中，已有汉字对后出 汉字的影响。通过讨论《广雅疏证》中的同族字，可以发掘字族研究的新材料，扩大字族研究的 范围。 王念孙的时代还没有明确的字族观念，但在其系联的同族词中，从文字学的角度考察，有一 部分记录同族词的汉字是同族字。本文整理了《广雅疏证》中的同族字材料，对其逐一进行考证， 利用字书和前人的训诂材料，证明在同族字的孳乳过程中，母文是孳乳的源头，在母文的基础上， 加注类属标志形成母文孳乳字。母文和母文孳乳字之间有着紧密的联系，它们之间音相近、形相 承、义相通。 由母文到母文孳乳字，字量增加了，表意更加具体、明确了，但它们之间有一个共同的意义 贯穿其中，这便是这组同族字的义核。王氏在《广雅疏证》中指明了同族字的义核，有助于我们 进行同族字的研究。同族字的义核，可以是母文的本义、引申义或者假借义。同族字中的各个成 员，表示的意义范畴各不相同，使用的类符也不相同，类符和意义有一定的联系。 《广雅疏证》中的同族字材料和所系联的同族字，与《说文》中的有诸多不同之处，不仅系 联的同族字不系统，而且包含了一些出现时代较晚的汉字。 关键词：《广雅疏证》；同族字；义核；类符；特点 II II The Study on the Cognate Character of Gang Ya Shu Zheng Zong Zhiyuan （Chinese Language and Literature） Directed by Professor Cai Yonggui Abstract Wang Niansun is an important person in the traditional linguistic study. His representative work, namely, Guang Ya Shu Zheng, had attracted people’s attention from time that it was published till now. The paper of Guang Ya Shu Zheng from the perspective of philology to the cognate character, since the research of Guang Ya Shu Zheng is emerging, which seems to have covered all the literature and linguistics. The research of the cognate character pays attention to the influencing from the previous character to the latter in the production process of the Chinese’s character. By discussing the cognate character of the Guang Ya Shu Zheng , character’s family can explore new materials research and expand the scope. However Wang Niansuns age is no clear concept of the character’s family including the word family, a part of the record of character with the word family is the cognate character words from the perspective of philology. We proved that the character at the same character’s family based on the same primitive character, by way of ordering of the cognate character’s materials. It have an important relationship between the same primitive character and the characters at the same character’s family which have simil