《床上的爱丽斯》的互文性解读-外国语言文学；英语语言文学专业论文.docxVIP

摘要 摘要 ii ii 摘要 苏珊·桑塔格(Susan Sontag,1933—2004)是当代美国声名卓著的“新知识分 子”，被誉为“美国公众的良心”。 她一生笔耕不辍，创作了许多优秀的文学作 品，体裁涉及长篇小说、短篇小说、戏剧、电影剧本等；内容涵盖文学、哲学、 历史、音乐、摄影、美术、电影等方面。本文选取其 1993 年出版的剧本《床 上的爱丽斯》为研究对象，从互文性的理论角度解读这部花费桑塔格一生心血 的作品。在剧本中，桑塔格将爱丽斯?詹姆斯——美国伟大的小说家亨利?詹姆 斯和伟大的心理学家、伦理学家威廉?詹姆斯妹妹的生平，以及小说家卡洛儿? 刘易斯的小说《爱丽斯漫游奇遇记》中主人公的经历巧妙地融合在一起，虚构 成一个全新的人物形象。剧本内容打破了现在、过去、未来的界限，将读者带 进一个光怪陆离的世界，从而拓展了读者的思维空间、增加了读者的阅读习惯、 延长了读者的审美愉悦感。剧本第五幕中桑塔格戏仿了《爱丽斯漫游奇遇记》 中的“疯狂茶会”情节，邀请了两位十九世纪重要的美国女作家——艾米莉?狄金 森和玛格丽特?福勒的亡灵，以及十九世纪舞台上两位具有代表性的愤怒女性 ——迷尔达（出自《吉赛尔》）和昆德丽（出自瓦格纳的《帕西法尔》）一同出 席她的茶会，与爱丽斯探讨自我身份问题，并影射出她卧床不起的根本性原因。 通过互文性的写作手法，桑塔格打破了传统的自足、封闭的文本观念，动摇了 文本原创性的权威，否认了文本存在的固定意义，在文本创作中挑战了历史的 精确性和读者的阅读审美过程。从互文性角度解读《床上的爱丽斯》为读者提 供了一个更为广阔的视野。 关键词：苏珊·桑塔格；《床上的爱丽斯》；互文性；爱丽斯?詹姆斯；《爱丽斯漫 游奇遇记》 Abstract Abstract i i Abstract Susan Sontag is an American critic who has penned controversial essays on topics ranging from “camp” to cancer, encompassing her views on literature, plays, film, photography, and politics. Though best known for her nonfiction, she has also written novels, short stories, plays and has written and directed several films. The present investigation focuses on her play Alice in Bed published in 1993. In the play, Sontag challenges the distinctions between genres by combining elements of several literary and non-literary types into a unified whole, and interweaves the historical figure Alice James and Alice created by Lewis Carroll into a brand new character. Sontag’s Alice with her physical condition, family situation, and personal interests is aligned with those of the historical figure, Alice James. In Sontag’s construction of the play’s dialogue, she inserts a number of episodes and details taken from Alice James’ diary and employs lines excerpted in directly from the journal, as well as from Henry James’ personal correspondence. At the same time, the playwright draws upon Carroll’s nineteenth-century fiction to form specific scenic arrangements, such as a Mad Tea-Party gathering. Moreover, she also transposes the imagery of