不同燕麦基因型耐盐碱能力比较研究-植物营养专业论文.docxVIP

摘 要 本研究针对河北省坝上地区土壤盐渍化普遍且逐年加剧的情况，以当地主要的 粮食作物燕麦为供试材料，采用室内水培、田间盆栽试验和室内分析测定相结合的 方法，初步研究了不同燕麦基因型的耐盐碱能力差异，结果如下： 1. 不同燕麦基因型的耐碱能力存在较大差异。在碱胁迫下（0.3%NaHCO3）， 各基因型燕麦的株高、地上部鲜重、根体积、叶绿素含量均有不同程度下降，叶片 中丙二醛、脯氨酸含量均有不同程度升高。按地上部相对鲜重为指标分类，供试 10 个燕麦基因型中，坝莜一号、坝莜六号耐碱性最强，坝莜三号、冀张莜四号耐碱性 最差，其余供试基因型属于中间类型。 2. 碱胁迫对燕麦生长的抑制要大于盐胁迫。随 NaCl 和 NaHCO3 浓度的增加， 三个燕麦基因型的株高、鲜重干重、叶绿素、根系活力均有不同程度的下降，脯氨 酸、丙二醛、相对电导率均有不同程度的升高。耐碱基因型坝莜一号表现出较高的 耐盐碱胁迫能力，碱敏感基因型坝莜三号最差，坝莜十号居中。 3. 自然生长条件下，不同燕麦基因型苗期耐盐碱能力与生长后期有所不同。在 田间盆栽试验苗期，按地上部相对干重为鉴定指标划分，坝莜一号耐碱性最强，坝 莜三号最弱，坝莜十号和坝燕四号两基因型居于中间。试验收获后，按供试四个燕 麦基因型的相对籽粒产量为鉴定指标划分，坝莜一号（裸燕麦）、坝燕四号（皮燕 麦）耐碱性最强，坝莜三号耐碱性最差，坝莜十号居中。 4. 四种燕麦基因型茎中 Na+含量显著高于叶和根，且根部 Na+含量显著高于 K+。 随土壤含碱量增加，坝莜一号和坝燕四号各组织 K+/Na+明显降低，而坝莜三号和坝 莜十号呈现先升高后降低趋势。重度碱胁迫下，坝莜一号 K+/Na+最高，坝莜三号最 低。四种燕麦根中 K+/Na+显著低于茎叶。 5. 随土壤含碱量的增加，籽粒中粗蛋白质含量呈增加趋势，可溶性糖含量呈现 先降低后增加趋势，坝莜三号可溶性糖下降幅度大，坝莜一号则较少。 关键词：燕麦；盐碱胁迫；耐盐碱能力；产量；品质 Study on Tolerance of Different Oat Genotypes to saline-alkali Stress Author: Mao mingyan Major: Plant Nutrition Supervisor: Fang Zheng Abstract Based on the common phenomenon of soil salinization in bashang Plateau Region in Hebei and was serious year by year, used oas of the main crops in local area as experimental material, through indoor solution culture, field potting and plant analysis, different oat genotypes were studied on tolerance to saline-alkali stress preliminarily. The main results were as follows: Among different oat genotypes, their tolerance to alkali stress were different. To all of these oat genotypes, under 0.3% NaHCO3 stress, the plant height, fresh weight, root volume, chlorophyll content were decreased more or less, the content of MDA and proline in leaf increased. According to the index of relative fresh weight of ground parts, ten oats were classified. The tolerance to alkali stress of ba you yi hao and ba you liu hao were the strongest, the tolerance to alkali stress of ba you san hao and ji zhang you si hao were the weakest, and tolerance of the other oats were at intermediate The inhibition of alkali to oats gro