不同类型荷载作用下半无限域非均匀地基的应力位移场工程力学专业论文.docxVIP

山东科技大学硕士学位论文摘 山东科技大学硕士学位论文 摘 要 摘 要 层状地基在实际岩土工程中广泛存在。现有解析方法和数值方法在分析这类地基时 存在局限性。基于此，本文发展一种精度高和方法简单的数值方法。 本文采用层状材料基本解，建立积分方程分析半无限域层状地基的应力和位移场。 该基本解为无限域层状材料中集中荷载作用下的应力位移场。首先采用基本解建立积分 方程，给出半无限域内任一点的位移和应力表达式。然后，采用 8 节点等参元离散加载 区域。基本解的位移场和应力场的奇异性阶数分别为 0?1 / r ? 和 0?1/ r 2 ?，这里 r 为场点和 源点的距离。在计算加载面上的位移和应力时应处理好奇异积分。为了获得被积函数的 0?1/ r ? 奇异积分高精度的解，采用坐标转化的方法，消除被积函数中的弱奇异积分。对 于被积函数中含有强奇异积分的情形，即：0?1/ r 2 ?，在单元内采用本构方程和平衡方程 建立线性方程组，求解的方法间接获得要求得结果。 采用两个有解析解的例子，来验证建议的数值方法。这两个例子为：由三层、材料 组成的半无限域介质上分别作用着矩形和圆形均匀荷载。分析结果表明：这种方法可以 获得高精度的结果。 此外，采用建议的计算方法分析了三个工程实例，包括：半无限层状地基上分别作 用着矩形载荷、三角形荷载和马蹄形荷载。这些计算结果可以用于指导工程设计和施工。 关键词： 广义 Kelvin 解 层状地基 奇异积分 应力位移场 Abstract There exist various layered foundations in geotechnical engineering. Some methods have been proposed for the analysis of the stresses and displacements in the layered foundations. However, there are some disadvantages for these methods in engineering applications. In this thesis, a new numerical method with good accuracy and high efficiency has been developed. The fundamental solutions for layered solids are utilized and coupled in integral equations for obtaining the stress and displacements in the layered solutions. The fundamental solutions are stress and displacement fields in the layered solids of infinite extent subjected to the concentrated forces.First, the integral equations are developed using the fundamental solutions. The stresses and displacements at any point in the foundation of semi-infinite extent can be calculated using these integral equations. Second, the eight-node isoperimetric elements are used to discretize the loading area. Because of the fundamental solutions, there are weakly and strongly singular integrals ( 0?1/ r ? and 0?1/ r 2 ?) in the integral equations, where r is the distance between the source and the field points. In calculating the stress and displacement on the loading surface, these singular integrals must be carefully solved. In order to calculating the w