重庆乡村继承纠纷分析1937-1945-analysis of rural succession disputes in chongqing from 1937 to 1945.docxVIP
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重庆乡村继承纠纷分析1937-1945-analysis of rural succession disputes in chongqing from 1937 to 1945
硕 士 学 位 论 文
重庆乡村继承纠纷研究(1937-1945)
Research on the Inheritance Disputes in Villages of Chongqing (1937 to 1945)
作 者 姓 名: 孙庆帅
指 导 教 师: 陈翠玉
西 南 政 法 大 学
Southwest University of Political Science and Law
1
1
内容摘要
至南京国民政府时期,几经周折,现代民事继承制度确立。本文以民国江北县法院 档案为依据,通过对档案材料的整理分析,探究重庆乡村继承纠纷的真实状态,并将研 究置于抗战的大背景下,综合考察社会变动因素对乡村继承秩序的影响,揭示乡村民众 在面临法律转型与社会变动时的调整。
本文由四部分组成。 第一部分,引言。介绍本文选题来源,总结国内外相关课题研究成果,指出本文创
新及意义所在,并阐述研究目的和研究方法。 第二部分,理论梳理继承制度发展演变。传统社会,财产传递以家产分析的方式进
行,进入近代,分家析产逐渐退出国家法层面,1930 年南京国民政府《民国民法典》“继 承编”颁布,认为宗祧继承无庸规定,确立男女平等、法定继承、遗嘱自由等现代继承 制度,成为重庆乡村继承纠纷裁判的法律依据。
第三部分,重庆乡村继承纠纷实证分析。借助民国江北县法院档案材料,利用统计 方法,根据纠纷主体的不同,将纠纷分为男性亲友间与涉及女性群体两类,继而深入案 例,结合抗战背景,分析继承纠纷的发生原因,分析父子、兄弟、叔侄、女儿、妻、妾 等主要纠纷当事人诉讼中的行为、策略及背后逻辑,分析法官司法的态度,探究传统分 家观念对司法诉讼的影响,总体上反映法律转型背景下新式继承制度对乡村生活的冲击 及乡村民众的应对。
第四部分,综合评析重庆乡村继承实践。通过对案例的实证分析,重庆乡村继承纠 纷发生及解决呈现三大特点:调判结合式多元解纷,诉讼成为重要的解纷方式,即使抗 战时期国民政府大力推行调解,但在继承领域,调解发挥作用有限;情法结合的诉讼策 略,传统冤抑色彩浓厚的道德表达已经不能适应诉讼的需要,寻求诉诸情感与诉诸法律 的结合成为诉讼双方当事人的主要策略;利益化倾向明显加强,战时特殊的经济环境促 使乡村民众更加关注物质利益,滋生恶意诉讼,进一步影响到当事人在诉讼中的行为及 纠纷的最终解决。
关键词:重庆乡村;抗日战争;分家析产;继承;司法诉讼
Abstract
After twists and turns, modern civil inheritance system was eventually established in the period of the Nanjing National Government. The thesis, by sorting and analyzing the files of Jiangbei County Court in the Republic of China, has explored the truth of the rural inheritance dispute in Chongqing under the background of the Anti-Japanese War. With a comprehensive study of social change’s influence on the order of succession in rural areas, the thesis has revealed the adjustments made by rural people in the face of legal transformation and social change.
The thesis consists of four parts.
The first part is the introduction, which described the origin of the subject, summarized relevant research results at home and abroad, pointed out the innovation and significance of research and illustrated the purpose and methods of research.
The second part discussed the evolution of the inheritance system in theories. In the traditional society, the property inh
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