新贸易保护主义演变趋势及其影响因素.docVIP

新贸易保护主义演变趋势及其影响因素 　　[摘要]新贸易保护主义思潮最早出现于20世纪70年代的美国，于20世纪80年代全面兴起并形成一股浪潮迅速席卷全球。进入21世纪前后，新贸易保护主义本身从形式到内容又发生了相当明显的变化，并继续沿着一定的趋势演变。新贸易保护主义的演变有着深刻的政治经济背景，同时，一些贸易理论流派和学术主张也为新贸易保护主义的演变提供了理论渊源和动力。在未来可以预见的一段时间内，发达国家和发展中国家之间的贸易摩擦和纠纷将会以较高的频率发生。在策略上主动、积极地运用多边贸易体制所允许的合法手段保护自己特定的产业，同时在战略上将目前的比较优势转变为竞争优势是我国应对目前新贸易保护主义的基本方略。 　　[关键词]新贸易保护主义；演变趋势；影响因素；应对策略 　　[中图分类号]F749 [文献标识码] Ａ [文章编号]1002-736X(2008)04-0001-06 　　 　　The Tendency of the New Protectionism and Its Affecting Variables 　　Liang Bibo 1,2, Zhou Huaifeng 1, Liao Dongsheng 3, 4 　　 (1.School of Economics and Management, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006; 2.School of Economics and Statistics, Guangdong University of Business Studies, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510320; 3. School of Business and Management, Zhongnan University of Economics and Law, Wuhan, Hubei 430060; 4. College of Business, Guangxi University for Nationalities, Nanning, Guangxi 530006) 　　 　　Abstract: The new protectionism first appeared in 1970s in U.S., then developed and spread all over the world as a new wave in 1980s. In the end of 20th century or the beginning of 21st century, great change took place in the new protectionism with regard to its forms as well as its contents, and the change is still going on towards certain tendency. The change of the new protectionism is under a specific background of international economic and political environments and motivated by some economic theories and academic schools. It can be anticipated that the trade conflicts between developed countries and developing countries will occur with higher frequency in the years to come. The basic strategy against the new protectionism for China lies in two respects: tactically, making use of the regulations under the multilateral-trade system to protect the target industries; strategically, building up competitive advantage on the basis of comparative advantage. 　　Key words: new protectionism; tendency of change; affecting variables; counter-strategy