高职护生实习前乙肝检查与乙肝预防知晓度调查研究.docVIP

高职护生实习前乙肝检查与乙肝预防知晓度调查研究 　　【摘要】 目的：了解高职护生HBV（乙肝病毒）感染情况，为乙肝职业风险防护提供数据资料。方法：对广西某高校2012级护理、助产专业学生进行实习前乙肝两对半检测，并对HBV标志物五项全阴者进行乙肝疫苗接种情况问卷调查。结果：638名护士专业学生检测结果显示，HBsAg阳性率为5.96%，乙肝大三阳检出率1.10%，小三阳检出率2.98%，HBV标志物五项全阴者为339人，占总人数53.13%。问卷调查结果表明，79.88%的护士专业学生认为实习前进行乙肝两对半检查很有必要，但是对乙肝疫苗预防的知晓率偏低。结论：20～22岁高职护生HBsAg阳性率低于我国HBsAg携带率水平，对HBV缺乏特异性免疫力的人数较多，且对乙肝疫苗预防的知晓率偏低，应加大对高职护生乙肝防治知识的宣教，对高危人群进行乙肝疫苗的接种或补种。 　　【关键词】 高职； 护生； 乙肝检查； 乙肝预防； 知晓度 　　【Abstract】 Objective：To acquaint the status of hepatitis B virus （HBV） infection in nursing students，and provide data for occupational protection of hepatitis B.Method：Hepatitis B serological markers were measured in nursing and midwifery students of 2012 grade from a college of Guangxi before clinical practice，and questionnaire survey of Hepatitis b vaccination situation was proceeded in those five serological markers negative，statistical results were analyzed.Result：The detection results of 638 nursing students display，the positive rate of HBsAg was 5.96% in total， HBeAg positive rate was 1.10%， HBeAb positive rate was 2.98%；five HBV markers negative in 339 cases， accounted for 53.13% of the total number.The results of a questionnaire survey showed that 79.88% of nursing students thought hepatitis B serological markers detection before practice was necessary， but awareness rate for the hepatitis B vaccine prevention was low.Conclusion：20-22 years old nursing students HBsAg positive rate are lower than the HBsAg of our country carrying rate level， large numbers of people are lack of specific immunity for HBV， and the awareness of hepatitis B vaccination rate is low.The propaganda of knowledge of hepatitis B prevention in nursing students should be increased， high-risk individuals should get vaccinations against hepatitis B or reseed vaccine. 　　【Key words】 Higher vocational education； Nursing students； Hepatitis B inspection； Hepatitis B prevention； Awareness 　　乙肝的防治是我国重大的公共卫生问题，目前预防HBV感染最为有效可行的办法是通过乙肝疫苗接种，从而使易感者获得保护性抗体。从1992年开始，我国卫生部将乙肝疫苗纳入计划免疫，此年