超600℃等级超超临界机组汽温控制技术研究-控制工程专业论文.docxVIP

万方数据 万方数据 上海交通大学工程硕士学位论文摘要 上海交通大学工程硕士学位论文 摘要 超 600℃等级超超临界机组汽温控制技术研究 摘 要 针对 600℃等级超超临界机组，研究在启停过程中汽温等参数的 控制技术，降低材料在接近使用温度上限的运行条件出现超温失效的 风险。同时在运行过程中，由于传统汽温控制策略已无法良好地运作， 出现机组超温现象严重，造成受热面和蒸汽管道金属材料的蠕变速度 加剧，不仅影响机组安全性还降低了机组寿命。现研究机组在启停过 程中为了避免超温现象所需注意及采取的手段，同时在机组正常运行 过程中，通过内模控制、协调控制、多变量解耦、自适应控制、模型 预测控制、模糊控制等先进控制策略，对过热汽温、再热汽温进行精 细调控，减少机组超温，维持机组安全稳定运行的同时提高节能减排 能力。通过对某电厂采用先进控制策略后对汽温控制的有较大提高的 成功范例，为 600℃等级超超临界机组采用先进控制策略控制汽温提 供可靠、可行的参考价值。 关键字：超温，汽温控制，自适应控制，内模控制，模型预测控制， 模糊控制 I CONTORL STRATEGY OF THE STEAM TEMPERATURE FOR ULTRA SUPERCRITICAL UNITS OVER 600℃ CLASS ABSTRACT The control strategy of the steam temperature for the 600℃ class ultra supercritical units is proposed, with special focus on the start-up and shut-down process to reduce the risk of over temperature failure because the operation temperature is close to the upper temperature limits of the metal of the boiler and heat exchangers. Over temperature is a serious concern for the safe operation of the utility boiler. The traditional control strategy of the steam temperature does not work well for those utility boilers over 600℃ class. It may lead to the creep of the boiler heating metal material surface or the creep of the steam pipe speeding, and therefore threaten the safety of the units. For this reason, the improved steam temperature control strategy is especially focused upon to avoid over temperature during start-up and shut-down. At the same time, in the normal operation of the units, advanced control strategy such as internal model control, coordination control, decoupling control, model predictive control and fuzzy control is studied to better control the superheated steam temperature and the reheat steam temperature. It is beneficial not only for reducing the probability of unit over temperature, but also for maintaining the safe and stable operation of the unit with the improvement of the ability of the energy-saving and the emission reduction. The advanced control strategies have been tested in several