城市配电线路状态参数的在线监测与故障定位方法研究-电气工程专业论文.docxVIP

Dissertation Submitted to Hebei University of Technology for The Master Degree of Electrical Engineering Research on Status Parameters Online Monitoring and Fault Location Method for City Distribution Lines by Zhang Tao Supervisor: Zhang Guanying December 2014 I 摘 要 “智能电网”是当今世界电力发展和变革的最新动向，作为“智能电网”重要 建设内容的配电网在线监测与故障定位，就是利用各种监测技术手段实现隐患的动 态预警和故障点位置确定，减少和避免电网事故，杜绝大面积停电的发生。 本文在分析输电线路在线监测和故障定位技术现状基础上，简述了电力电缆常 见的故障类型及故障原因，并将发生频率最高的单相接地故障作为主要的研究对象。 首先利用无线传感网络技术构建配电网在线监测系统，对电缆线路运行中的多个指 标进行在线监测并对设备状态进行动态评估。 继而对单相接地故障时的稳态和暂态特性进行了分析，并阐述了线路故障行波 传播原理，分析了几种传统行波定位法的优缺点，并在此基础上改进得到了一种新 的行波定位法——三端行波法。该方法不用考虑行波波速这一不稳定量，简化了操 作步骤并提高了定位精度。 基于小波变换在暂态信号分析方面的强大能力，本文利用 Haar 小波来分析故障 行波，并就 10kV 配电网线路进行 MATLAB 建模仿真和分析。论文最后给出了故障 定位具体步骤：定位故障支路、定位故障段、定位故障相以及定位故障点，并分析 了影响定位误差的因素，仿真结果充分肯定了三端法以及小波变换在配电故障定位 中的可行性。 关键词:电力电缆，无线传感器网络，小波变换，MATLAB ABSTRACT Smart Grid is the latest trend of electric power development and change in modern times. As an important construction content of smart grid, the power distribution network on-line monitoring and fault location use a variety of monitoring technologies to search the hidden trouble of dynamic early warning and fault point location so that we can avoid the accidents of power grid and put an end to the occurrence of blackout. Based on the analysis of on-line monitoring and fault location technology of the transmission lines, this paper briefly describes the common failure types and the causes of the power cables, then treat the highest frequency of single-phase earth as the main research object. First of all, using Wireless Sensor Network to construct the on-line monitoring system of the distribution power network, which can monitor multiple indicators of the cable lines on-line and dynamically assess device state. Then the paper expounds the principle of fault traveling wave, the transmission and the introduction of several traditional methods that are based on traveling wave. According to the advantages and disadvantages of traditional methods, a ne