传感网频谱监测系统信号检测与识别及网管模块的设计与实现-计算机软件与理论专业论文.docx

摘 要 无线电频谱资源是一种有限的重要国家战略性资源。在通信技术和网络技术 高度发展的今天，人类对无线频谱资源的需求急剧膨胀，无线电频谱资源的稀缺 程度不断增加。为保证频率资源的合理利用，如何更加有效地进行电磁频谱监测 成为了国家重要的研究课题。结合无线传感器网络的频谱监测日益成为该信息技 术中的一个新领域，从而成为该课题的一个重要研究方向。 本论文针对实验室承接的国家科技重大专项子项“频谱感知无线传感器网络 技术研究”项目，设计和实现基于无线传感器网络的频谱监测系统的其中两大功 能：网络管理和信号检测与识别功能。本文首先介绍了国家科技重大专项频谱监 测系统的组网与通信方式以及起任务管理中心的功能结构。频谱监测系统的网络 管理应当满足设备组网管理、网络拓扑管理、远程维护管理、故障管理和能量管 理等多种需求，便提出了基于节点分簇的网络管理方式，并设计和实现了重启、 断开、休眠、更改 IP、更改网关、数据采集复位、心跳检测等功能。面对非法信 号的盲检测需求，本文设计了无线信号检测与识别功能。文中分析了信号检测与 识别要支持机器学习、时钟同步、数据同步、低功耗等特征。在描述了信号检测 与识别的基本原理后，详细介绍了该模块的数据处理设计，如门限计算、信号检 测、信号识别、数据组包等难点。 经过对网络管理和信号检测与识别模块大量的功能、性能与健壮性测试，测 试结果分析与评估达到了最初设计需求，满足频谱监测系统的需要。 关键词： 频谱监测 无线传感器网络 网络管理 信号检测 信号识别 Abstract The radio spectrum resources are an important national strategic. With rapid development of communication technology and network technology, the requirements of the radio spectrum resource are increasing. But the radio spectrum resources are not infinite. To ensure the rational use of frequency resources, how to monitor the electromagnetic spectrum becomes an important research topic. Spectrum monitoring system combined with wireless sensor networks is increasingly becoming a new field in the IT, thus becoming an important research direction of the topic. Based on the sub-project of state-key research on spectrum sensing in wireless sensor networks, this paper designed and implemented part works of specific monitor system, including network management and signal detection and recognition. At first, this paper introduces the network and communication of the whole system and the detail modules of Task Manager Center. Through analysis, the spectrum monitoring system need support network initialization, topology management, remote maintenance, fault management and energy management etc. Thus, this paper proposes several special functions, including the cluste ring network model, and designs rebooting, disconnecting, sleeping, changing IP, changing AP, data collection reset, heartbeat etc.. Besides, we designs wireless signal